Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common disorder, affecting ~30% of people in the general population and up to 96% of obese individuals. Variations in several genes have been found to be associated with fatty liver, but these associations only explain a small percentage of the risk, and further studies are needed. In many cases NAFLD does not cause serious side effects, but in some individuals it progresses to scarring or hardening of the liver, liver failure, and cancer. The purpose of this research study is to determine if individuals who carry certain genetic variations in a gene related to bile and choline metabolism have an increased risk of fatty liver progressing to fibrosis, or scarring of the liver. This study will also use a new, non-invasive method called the FibroScan® to measure liver fat and liver stiffness. The FibroScan® device is FDA approved for use to measure liver stiffness, but not for the liver fat measurement. However, the FibroScan® instrument is considered a non-significant risk device. Since its induction in Europe and worldwide in 2003, there have been no adverse effects reported with this device.

NCT02267148

Conditions

1. Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

MeSH:Liver Diseases Fatty Liver Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

HPO:Abnormality of the liver Decreased liver function Elevated hepatic transaminase Hepatic steatosis

As additional proof of principle that the measurements we are making correlate with genetics, the investigators will also measure two genetic variants that have been shown in many studies to correlate with liver fat and fibrosis by their research team and others: PNPLA3 rs738409 and rs2281135.

The present study investigates relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its risk factors, such as genetic background and diseases, such as chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus.

NCT02947568

Conditions

1. Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
2. Chronic Kidney Disease
3. Diabetes Mellitus

Interventions

1. Other: non-interventional study

MeSH:Liver Diseases Fatty Liver Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Kidney Diseases Renal Insufficiency, Chronic Diabetes Mellitus

HPO:Abnormality of the kidney Abnormality of the liver Chronic kidney disease Decreased liver function Diabetes mellitus Elevated hepatic transaminase Hepatic steatosis Nephropathy

In case of patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 gene (PNPLA3) : rs738409, rs2281135, rs2294918 single nuclear polimorfism (SNP) will be examined.