There is one clinical trial.
The purpose of this study is to qualify the biomarker risk algorithm for prognosis of the risk of developing Mild Cognitive Impairment due to Alzheimer's Disease (MCI-AD), and also to evaluate the efficacy of pioglitazone compared with placebo to delay the onset of MCI-AD in cognitively-normal participants who are at high-risk for developing MCI within 5 years.
18. Participant's Translocase of the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane 40 homolog (TOMM40) rs10524523 or apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes or APOE phenotype are known by the participant or the study staff participating in this study.
Description: The event definition for MCI-AD was the time in days from the randomization date to the date of the first of two consecutive scheduled visits at which a participant was assessed with a diagnosis of MCI due to AD confirmed by adjudication committee. Here, the time to event was reported as the restricted mean survival time. The restricted mean survival time was defined as the area under the curve of the survival function up to the largest event time.
Measure: Time to Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment Due to Alzheimer's Disease (MCI-AD) for Placebo-treated, High-risk, Non-Hispanic/Latino Caucasian Participants Versus Placebo-treated, Low-risk, Non-Hispanic/Latino Caucasian Participants Time: Baseline to the end of study (approximately up to 5 years)Description: The event definition for MCI-AD was the time in days from the randomization date to the date of the first of two consecutive scheduled visits at which a participant was assessed with a diagnosis of MCI due to AD confirmed by adjudication committee. Here, the time to event was reported as the restricted mean survival time. The restricted mean survival time was defined as the area under the curve of the survival function up to the largest event time.
Measure: Time to Diagnosis of MCI Due to AD for Pioglitazone-treated, High-risk, Non-Hispanic/Latino Caucasian Participants Versus Placebo-treated, High-risk, Non-Hispanic/Latino, Caucasian Participants Time: Baseline to the end of study (approximately up to 5 years)Description: Composite scores derived from the test battery. Domains of Episodic Memory [California Verbal Learning Test-2nd Edition (CVLT-II), Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R)]; Executive Function [Trail Making Test (TMT) (Part B), Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)-III Digit Span Test-backwards span]; Language [Multilingual Naming Test (MiNT), Semantic Fluency (animals), Lexical/phonemic fluency (F, A, and S in English; D, S, and F in German)]; and Attention [WAIS-III Digit Span Test-forward span, TMT (Part A)] used for composite score. 12 measures were derived from 8 neuropsychological tests. CVLT-II test involved 2 primary measures (short, long delay recall); BVMT-R had 2 measures (copy and recall); Digit Span and Trail both had 2 measures (forward and backward span and Parts A and B). There was 1 total score for each test: CDT, MINT, semantic and lexical fluency. Total score ranged from -1.222 to 1.707 at baseline, a higher composite score indicated better cognition.
Measure: Change From Baseline for Cognitive Decline on Composite Score on the Cognitive Test Battery for Pioglitazone-treated Participants Versus Placebo-treated Participants in the High-risk Stratum Time: Baseline and Month 48Description: The ADCS ADL-PI is a functional measure that was specifically designed for standardized administration over long duration clinical studies to prevent AD. The ADCS ADL-PI is a 20-item instrument that included 15 ADL questions, which were scored as 1 (with a lot of difficulty), 2 (with some difficulty), or 3 (as well as usually, with no difficulty), plus 5 vision, hearing, and mobility questions, which were scored from 0 (no) to 1 (yes). ADL Total ranged from 0 to 45, and lower scores indicated greater disability.
Measure: Change From Baseline in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study Activities of Daily Living - Prevention Instrument [ADCS ADL-PI]) Between Pioglitazone-treated and Placebo-treated Groups of the High-risk Stratum Time: Baseline and Month 48