SNPMiner Trials (Home Page)
Report for SNP rs7903146
Developed by Shray Alag, 2020.
SNP Clinical Trial Gene
There are 8 clinical trials
Clinical Trials
1 The Role of Newer and Traditional Risk Factors in the Development, Extent and Manifestation of Coronary Artery Disease
In the present study the investigators will measure the extent of coronary artery disease via coronary angiography and the correlating risk factors.
NCT01585948 Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography MeSH:Coronary Artery Disease Myocardial Ischemia Coronary Disease
HPO:Coronary artery atherosclerosis Myocardial infarction
The incidence, extent and clinical manifestation of coronary artery disease and the circulating levels of hs-CRP, adipokines and RAGEs.. To associate the incidence, extent and clinical manifestation of coronary artery disease with systemic inflammatory status assessed by hs-CRP levels, circulating adipokines (adiponectin, resistin) and the receptors of advanced glycation end products (sRAGE and esRAGE).. TCF7L2 gene polymorphims and the incidence and extent of coronary artery disease.. To associate the incidence, extent and clinical manifestation of coronary artery disease with the rs7903146 single nucleotide polymorphism of TCF7L2 gene, that has been strongly associated with diabetes mellitus development.. Inclusion Criteria: - Any subject eligible for coronary angiography with or without known CV disease for clinical reasons.
Primary Outcomes
Description: We will investigate the incidence, extent and clinical manifestation of coronary artery disease in diabetics and non-diabetics undergoing coronary angiography for clinical reasons.
Measure: The incidence and extent of coronary artery disease between diabetics and non-diabetic patients. Time: Up to four years on average.Secondary Outcomes
Description: To associate the incidence, extent and clinical manifestation of coronary artery disease with classic demographic risk factors (such as smoking, alcohol consumption, physical exercise, arterial hypertension, family history of diabetes mellitus or coronary artery disease) and common biochemical risk factors (such as fasting glucose levels, urea, creatinine, HbA1c%, uric acid, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, VLDL, glomerular filtration rate - GFR).
Measure: The incidence and extent of coronary artery disease via coronary angiography scores and related biochemical and demographical risk factors. Time: Up to 4 years on average.Description: To associate the incidence, extent and clinical manifestation of coronary artery disease with systemic inflammatory status assessed by hs-CRP levels, circulating adipokines (adiponectin, resistin) and the receptors of advanced glycation end products (sRAGE and esRAGE).
Measure: The incidence, extent and clinical manifestation of coronary artery disease and the circulating levels of hs-CRP, adipokines and RAGEs. Time: Up to 4 years on average.Description: To associate the incidence, extent and clinical manifestation of coronary artery disease with the rs7903146 single nucleotide polymorphism of TCF7L2 gene, that has been strongly associated with diabetes mellitus development.
Measure: TCF7L2 gene polymorphims and the incidence and extent of coronary artery disease. Time: Within a maximum period of 4 years.2 Evaluation of the Enteroinsular Axis in Cystic Fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis related diabetes (CFRD) is associated with worse CF-relevant outcomes. The mechanisms underlying CFRD development are not fully understood, but recent evidence suggests Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) mechanisms may be involved and may involve incretins (gut secreted hormones that augment insulin secretion in response to a nutrient load). This study will examine the prevalence of Genome wide association study (GWAS)-implicated T2DM alleles (including TCF7L2) across the spectrum of glucose abnormalities in CF and will use this information to compare incretin and insulin secretion in non-diabetic children and adults with high risk and low risk alleles.
NCT01852448 Cystic Fibrosis Genetic: Blood or Saliva Sample Collection Other: Glucose -potentiated arginine (GPA) stimulation tests MeSH:Cystic Fibrosis Fibrosis
SECOND PHASE OF STUDY: Inclusion Criteria 1. Subjects age >8y 2. Diagnosis of Cystic Fibrosis 3. pancreatic insufficient 4. negative urine pregnancy test at enrollment 5. TCF7L2 rs7903146 genotype of T/T or C/C 6.
Primary Outcomes
Description: To examine the prevalence of GWAS-implicated T2DM alleles (including TCF7L2) across the spectrum of glucose abnormalities in children and adults with CF.
Measure: Blood sample for DNA to genotype TCF7L2 and about 10 other GWAS-implicated T2DM genes. Time: 1 daySecondary Outcomes
Description: Pancreatic ß-cell function will be evaluated using the GPA test which can be used to measure β-cell secretory capacity and sensitivity to glucose.
Measure: Glucose-Potentiated Arginine Stimulation Test (GPA test) Time: 1 dayOther Outcomes
Description: Incretin and insulin secretion as well as glucose tolerance will be assessed using the MMTT.
Measure: Mixed Meal Tolerance Testing (MMTT) Time: 1 day3 Pathogenesis of Youth Onset Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) in obese youth is often preceded by a prediabetic state called: Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT), which is associated with a pre-existing defect in insulin secretion. This study intends to determine if genetic factors are associated with defects in insulin secretion, the incretin system and hepatic insulin resistance in obese adolescents. The long-term goal of this study is to generate information on both the genetics as well as the pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes in Youth, which ultimately might guide the investigators towards better preventive and treatment avenues.
NCT03195400 IGT - Impaired Glucose Tolerance T2D Diagnostic Test: Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Diagnostic Test: Hyperglycemic Clamp Diagnostic Test: Isoglycemic Intravenous Glucose Test Diagnostic Test: Hyperinsulinemic Euglycemic Clamp and 2H20 MeSH:Prediabetic State Glucose Intolerance
To delineate the effects of TCF7L2 rs7903146 on functional Beta-Cell Capacity in obese adolescents with Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) and pre-IGT.
Aim 2. To examine the functional effect of the rs7903146 variant in the TCF7L2 gene on a) incretin effect in obese adolescents with IGT and pre-IGT.
Aim 3. To determine the functional effects of TCF7L2 rs7903146 SNP on hepatic glucose fluxes in obese adolescents with IGT and pre-IGT.
Primary Outcomes
Description: An oral glucose tolerance test will be performed to assess glucose tolerance status to determine if subjects are pre-IGT or IGT
Measure: Glucose tolerance status Time: BaselineDescription: DNA screening to measure whether subject is CC or TT genotype
Measure: Genotype Time: BaselineDescription: AIRmax stimulation test during the hyperglycemic clamp to ascertain the maximal acute insulin response (AIR) to arginine, which is a measure of functional beta cell capacity.
Measure: Beta cell capacity Time: BaselineDescription: Subjects will undergo the IsoIVGT test with GLP-1 measurements to measure the incretin effect
Measure: Incretin effect Time: 3weeks to 1 month post Baseline testingDescription: The AIRmax stimulation test during the hyperglycemic clamp will be repeated at 2 years to determine if genotype TCF7L2 contributes to worsening in beta cell function longitudinally
Measure: Beta cell function (longitudinally) Time: 2 years post BaselineDescription: Measurements from the Hyperinsulinemic Euglycemic Clamp/ 2H20 Study will be used to assess insulin effects on hepatic glucose production and glycerol kinetics isotopes and the deuterium enrichment at carbons 2 and 5 (C2 and C5) of plasma glucose providing information on glucose fluxes
Measure: Hepatic glucose fluxes Time: 2 months post baseline testing4 A Phase I Placebo-controlled Study to Assess Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Globalagliatin Hydrochloride After Multiple Ascending Doses in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
This is a phase I placebo-controlled study to assess safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Globalagliatin Hydrochloride (SY-004) after Multiple Ascending Doses in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).
NCT03414892 Hyperglycaemia (Diabetic) Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Drug: Globalagliatin Hydrochloride Drug: Placebo MeSH:Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Hyperglycemia
HPO:Diabetes mellitus Hyperglycemia Postprandial hyperglycemia Type II diabetes mellitus
Compared with placebo, the mean changes of post-prandial blood glucose from baseline at D7，D14，D21 and D28.. genetic: TCF7L2 ( Transcription factor 7-like 2) rs7903146 and GCKR (glucokinase regulatory protein) rs780094 ).
The genetic（TCF7L2 rs7903146 and GCKR rs780094）effects on response of SY-004 in T2DM patients.. the changes of GA (Glycated albumin) from baseline.
Primary Outcomes
Description: Compared with placebo, the mean change in glucose AUC from baseline at D28.
Measure: the mean change in glucose area under curve (AUC) from baseline. Time: 28 daysSecondary Outcomes
Description: Compared with placebo, the fasting plasma glucose from baseline at D7，D14，D21 and D28.
Measure: the fasting plasma glucose from baseline Time: 7, 14, 21, 28 daysDescription: Compared with placebo, the changes of MMTT (mixed-meal tolerance test) results from baseline at D28
Measure: the changes of MMTT (mixed-meal tolerance test) results from baseline Time: 28 daysDescription: Compared with placebo, the mean changes of average 7-points blood glucose profiles from baseline at D7，D14，D21 and D28.
Measure: the mean changes of average 7-points blood glucose profiles from baseline Time: 7, 14, 21, 28 daysDescription: Compared with placebo, the mean changes of average 14-points blood glucose profiles from baseline at D7，D14，D21 and D28.
Measure: the mean changes of average 14-points blood glucose profiles from baseline Time: 7, 14, 21, 28 daysDescription: Compared with placebo, the mean changes of post-prandial blood glucose from baseline at D7，D14，D21 and D28.
Measure: the mean changes of post-prandial blood glucose from baseline Time: 7, 14, 21, 28 daysOther Outcomes
Description: The genetic（TCF7L2 rs7903146 and GCKR rs780094）effects on response of SY-004 in T2DM patients.
Measure: genetic: TCF7L2 ( Transcription factor 7-like 2) rs7903146 and GCKR (glucokinase regulatory protein) rs780094 ) Time: 28 daysDescription: Compared with placebo, the changes of GA (Glycated albumin) from baseline at D28.
Measure: the changes of GA (Glycated albumin) from baseline Time: 28 days5 The TCF7L2 Gene: Nutrigenomics and Dietary Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes
Nutrients and chemicals in food are able to regulate expression of genetic elements. Gene-nutrient interaction in response specific diets can increase an individual's risk, shifting the individual from health toward the development of chronic disease. The Transcription Factor 7 Like 2 (TCF7L2) gene may either put individuals at risk for or protect from Type 2 diabetes mellitus in the presence of certain foods. The main purpose of this four-week study is to examine diet-induced gene-nutrient interaction, with a focus on glucose, insulin, inflammation (CRP) and the plasma metabolome in individuals who have either the CC or the TT form of the rs7903146 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (C/T) within the TCF7L2 gene. The (2) one-week study diets, one Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) based and the other low-fat based will be separated by a (1) week return to a regular habitual diet.
NCT03458494 Type2 Diabetes Glucose, High Blood Other: Mediterranean Diet Other: Low-fat diet MeSH:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Hyperglycemia
HPO:Hyperglycemia Postprandial hyperglycemia Type II diabetes mellitus
The main purpose of this four-week study is to examine diet-induced gene-nutrient interaction, with a focus on glucose, insulin, inflammation (CRP) and the plasma metabolome in individuals who have either the CC or the TT form of the rs7903146 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (C/T) within the TCF7L2 gene.
Plasma glucose levels (mg/dl) will be measured in the fasting state during each one of the intervention phases (the Mediterranean and low-fat diets) in participants with the TT and CC genotypes at the TCF7L2 rs7903146 SNP.
Fasting plasma insulin levels (pmol/l) will be measured in the fasting state during each one of the intervention phases (the Mediterranean and low-fat diets) in participants with the TT and CC genotypes at the TCF7L2 rs7903146 SNP.
The response of plasma metabolites to the Mediterranean and low-fat diets diet) will be measured using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem accurate mass spectrometry (UHPLC/MS/MS) during each one of the intervention phases (the Mediterranean and low-fat diets) in participants with the TT and CC genotypes at the TCF7L2 rs7903146 SNP.
Fasting plasma concentrations of VLDL in mg/dl, assessed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy will be measured during each one of the intervention phases (the Mediterranean and low-fat diets) in participants with the TT and CC genotypes at the TCF7L2 rs7903146 SNP.
Fasting plasma concentrations of LDL in mg/dl, assessed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy will be measured during each one of the intervention phases (the Mediterranean and low-fat diets) in participants with the TT and CC genotypes at the TCF7L2 rs7903146 SNP.
Fasting plasma concentrations of HDL in mg/dl, assessed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy will be measured during each one of the intervention phases (the Mediterranean and low-fat diets) in participants with the TT and CC genotypes at the TCF7L2 rs7903146 SNP.
Plasma C-reactive protein (mg/dl) will be measured in the fasting state during each one of the intervention phases (the Mediterranean and low-fat diets) in participants with the TT and CC genotypes at the TCF7L2 rs7903146 SNP.
The rs7903146 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (C/T) within the TCF7L2 gene is the most replicated T2D-associated SNP.
For this purpose, a four-week study will be conducted to examine diet-induced gene-nutrient interaction, with a focus on glucose, insulin, and inflammation (CRP) in individuals who have either the CC or the TT form of the rs7903146 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (C/T) within the TCF7L2 gene.
Primary Outcomes
Description: Plasma glucose levels (mg/dl) will be measured in the fasting state during each one of the intervention phases (the Mediterranean and low-fat diets) in participants with the TT and CC genotypes at the TCF7L2 rs7903146 SNP
Measure: Glucose Time: 1 week per intervention armSecondary Outcomes
Description: Fasting plasma insulin levels (pmol/l) will be measured in the fasting state during each one of the intervention phases (the Mediterranean and low-fat diets) in participants with the TT and CC genotypes at the TCF7L2 rs7903146 SNP
Measure: Insulin Time: 1 week per intervention armDescription: The response of plasma metabolites to the Mediterranean and low-fat diets diet) will be measured using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem accurate mass spectrometry (UHPLC/MS/MS) during each one of the intervention phases (the Mediterranean and low-fat diets) in participants with the TT and CC genotypes at the TCF7L2 rs7903146 SNP
Measure: Metabolomics Time: 1 week per intervention armDescription: Fasting plasma concentrations of VLDL in mg/dl, assessed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy will be measured during each one of the intervention phases (the Mediterranean and low-fat diets) in participants with the TT and CC genotypes at the TCF7L2 rs7903146 SNP
Measure: Very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) Time: 1 week per intervention armDescription: Fasting plasma concentrations of LDL in mg/dl, assessed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy will be measured during each one of the intervention phases (the Mediterranean and low-fat diets) in participants with the TT and CC genotypes at the TCF7L2 rs7903146 SNP
Measure: Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) Time: 1 week per intervention armDescription: Fasting plasma concentrations of HDL in mg/dl, assessed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy will be measured during each one of the intervention phases (the Mediterranean and low-fat diets) in participants with the TT and CC genotypes at the TCF7L2 rs7903146 SNP
Measure: High-density lipoproteins (HDL) Time: 1 week per intervention armDescription: Plasma C-reactive protein (mg/dl) will be measured in the fasting state during each one of the intervention phases (the Mediterranean and low-fat diets) in participants with the TT and CC genotypes at the TCF7L2 rs7903146 SNP
Measure: CRP Time: 1 week per intervention arm6 Transcription Factor 7 Like 2 Gene Polymorphism and Advanced Glycation End Products as Risk Factors for Diabetic Nephropathy
1. To study genotypic distribution of the TCF7L2 gene polymorphism in Diabetic nephropathy. 2. To assess level of AGEs and Insulin in patients with Diabetic nephropathy. 3. To study correlation between polymorphism of the TCF7L2 gene, AGEs, Insulin and clinical characteristics in patients with diabetic nephropathy
NCT04084886 Diabetic Nephropathies MeSH:Kidney Diseases Diabetic Nephropathies
HPO:Abnormality of the kidney Nephropathy
TCF7L2 rs7903146 polymorphism is more associated with T2DM which mediated by decreased insulin secretion associated with defects in insulin processing, reduced effects of glucagon-like peptide-1, increased hepatic glucose production and insulin resistance.
Primary Outcomes
Description: find a link between genetic polymorphism of TCF7L2 and the risk of developing nephropathy in diabetic patients. Nephropathy is defined Albumin/creatinine ratio > 30 mg/gm creat.
Measure: value of the odds ratio associated with the relationship between a polymorphism TCF7L2 gene and the occurrence of diabetic nephropathy Time: one yearDescription: the prevalence of TCF7L2, in the diabetic patient, and compared to the values found in the general population. the TCF7L2 genes will be evaluated by PCR-RFLP
Measure: Number of patients with genotype TCF7L2 by PCR Time: 5 years7 Effects of an Exercise Program on Physical Functionality and Frailty in Type 2 Diabetic Older Adults. Role of Circulating Concentration of PDEF and Differential Genes
Diabetes is a disease with a high impact in the population older than 65 years old. Some indications suggest that diabetes in the old age aggravate the negative effects of ageing, as the loss of muscle mass and strength, bringing the patients to a situation of vulnerability and elevated risk of disability and death known as "frailty syndrome". Recently, scientists have observed that if older population train with musculation machines emphasising the muscular power, it is possible to have an impact on a disminution of frailty and restoring the physical functionality. This project deeps in the physiological and molecular mechanisms that underlie to improvements in the frail diabetic patients.
NCT04332302 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Frailty Other: Power resistance training MeSH:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Frailty
HPO:Type II diabetes mellitus
Circulating level of PDEF assessed by Western Blot.. Genotyping of TCF7L2 (rs7903146).
Primary Outcomes
Description: Percentage
Measure: Change from Baseline Glycosylated Hemoglobin (Hemoglobin A1c) at 12 weeks Time: 0 and 12 weeks.Description: Percentage
Measure: Change from Baseline Homeostasis Model Assessment - Beta cells (HOMA2-B) at 12 weeks Time: 0 and 12 weeks.Description: Percentage
Measure: Change from Baseline Homeostasis Model Assessment - Insuline Resistance (HOMA2-IR) at 12 weeks Time: 0 and 12 weeks.Description: Level of frailty assessed by Fried Criteria. Intermediate or prefrail: 1 or 2 criteria present. Positive for frailty phenotype: ≥3 criteria present.
Measure: Change from Baseline Fried frailty score at 6 and 12 weeks Time: 0, 6 and 12 weeks.Description: Level of functional capacity assessed by the test SPPB. Scores 0-3: Very low physical function; Scores 4-6: Low physical function; Scores 7-9: Moderate physical function; Scores 10-12: High physical function
Measure: Change from Baseline Functional capacity at 6 and 12 weeks Time: 0, 6 and 12 weeks.Description: Level of disability assessed by the Barthel test. A participant scoring 0 points would be dependent in all assessed activities of daily living, whereas a score of 100 would reflect independence in these activities.
Measure: Change from Baseline Disability at 6 and 12 weeks Time: 0, 6 and 12 weeks.Description: Level of functional mobility assessed by the Lawton test. A scale from 0 to 8, expressing higher scores better levels of independence.
Measure: Functional mobility at 6 and 12 weeks Time: 0, 6 and 12 weeks.Description: Watts.
Measure: Change from Baseline Muscular power at 6 and 12 weeks Time: 0, 6 and 12 weeks.Description: Load (kg).
Measure: Change from Baseline Levels of strength at 6 and 12 weeks Time: 0, 6 and 12 weeks.Description: g/cm3
Measure: Change from Baseline Bone Mineral Density at 12 weeks Time: 0 and 12 weeks.Description: Circulating level of PDEF assessed by Western Blot.
Measure: Change from Baseline Pigment Epitelium Derived Factor (PEDF) at 12 weeks Time: 0 and 12 weeks.Description: Assessed by Real-time PCR.
Measure: Genotyping of TCF7L2 (rs7903146) Time: 0 week.Description: Assessed by Real-time PCR.
Measure: Genotyping of TM6SF2 (rs10401969) Time: 0 week.Description: Assessed by Real-time PCR.
Measure: Genotyping of HLA (rs2854275) Time: 0 week.Secondary Outcomes
Description: Kg by square meters.
Measure: Change from Baseline Body Mass Index at 6 and 12 weeks Time: 0, 6 and 12 weeks.Description: Meters.
Measure: Change from Baseline Waist circumference at 6 and 12 weeks Time: 0, 6 and 12 weeks.Description: mmHg.
Measure: Change from Baseline Blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) at 6 and 12 weeks Time: 0, 6 and 12 weeks.Description: mg/dL.
Measure: Change from Baseline Concentration of Triglycerides at 12 weeks Time: 0 and 12 weeks.Description: mg/dL.
Measure: Change from Baseline Concentration of Total Cholesterol at 12 weeks Time: 0 and 12 weeks.Description: mg/dL.
Measure: Change from Baseline Concentration of HDL Cholesterol at 12 weeks Time: 0 and 12 weeks.Description: mg/dL.
Measure: Change from Baseline Concentration of LDL Cholesterol at 12 weeks Time: 0 and 12 weeks.Description: Level of quality of life assessed by the test EuroQoL index, EQ-5D-5L. The score is the time trade-off (TTO). Scale from 11111 to 55555 being the higher the best health related quality of life.
Measure: Change from Baseline Subjective level of quality of life at 12 weeks Time: 0 and 12 weeks.Description: Accelerometry, counts/min.
Measure: Change from Baseline Physical activity at 12 weeks Time: 0 and 12 weeks.Description: Level of balance assessed in a force platform. Newtons.
Measure: Change from Baseline Balance at 12 weeks Time: 0 and 12 weeks.8 The Association Between TCF7L2 rs7903146, Diet and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Risk
This study investigates the association of genetic effects of rs7903146 and dietary intake on type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) risk in a healthy population. T2DM risk was assessed through glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) concentration in 73 subjects. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ).
NCT04446754 Health Behavior Blood Glucose, High Diet Habit Genetic Predisposition MeSH:Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Hyperglycemia Disease Susceptibility Genetic Predisposition to Disease
HPO:Diabetes mellitus Hyperglycemia Postprandial hyperglycemia Type II diabetes mellitus
The Association Between TCF7L2 rs7903146, Diet and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Risk.
The Genetic Effects of rs7903146 and Dietary Intake on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Risk in a Healthy Population This study investigates the association of genetic effects of rs7903146 and dietary intake on type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) risk in a healthy population.
salivary (1-ml) DNA for genotype TCF7L2 gene (rs7903146 SNP).
Genome-wide association studies identify the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) rs7903146 (C/T) gene as one of the most important associated with T2DM-risk.
However, most studies associating genetic effects of dietary intake on rs7903146 and T2DM-risk utilised volatile instantaneous measures of glucose(5) and focussed on individual macronutrients.
Understanding the association of rs7903146 and overall macronutrient intake using a stable blood homeostasis marker may provide a fuller insight into T2DM-risk.
Primary Outcomes
Description: salivary (1-ml) DNA for genotype TCF7L2 gene (rs7903146 SNP)
Measure: DNA Time: 3 monthsDescription: capillary blood collected (via the ears or fingers) using a Microvette CB Lithium Heparin tube (SARSTEDT AG & C0., Nümbrecht, Germany)
Measure: Hba1c Time: 3 monthsDescription: Dietary intake estimated using The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Norfolk (food frequency questionnaire)
Measure: Diet intake Time: 3 monthsSecondary Outcomes
Description: Body weight in kg measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis using a 0.5kg clothing offset
Measure: Body weight Time: 3 monthsDescription: Waist measurement was taken midway between iliac crest and lowest rib
Measure: Waist Time: 3 monthsDescription: Hip circumference was measured over the greater trochanters at their widest point (nearest 0.1cm)
Measure: Hip Time: 3 monthsDescription: Subject height was recorded to the nearest 0.1-cm via stadiometer
Measure: Height Time: 3 monthsDescription: Assessed through Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q)
Measure: Physical activity Time: 3 monthsDescription: Measured in kg and percentage (%) measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis
Measure: Fat mass Time: 3 monthsDescription: Measured in kg and percentage (%) measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis
Measure: Lean mass Time: 3 months