The objective of this protocol is to test the effectiveness of a Jumpstart intervention on patient-centered outcomes for patients with chronic illness by ensuring that they receive care that is concordant with their goals over time, and across settings and providers. This study will examine the effect of the EHR-based intervention to improve quality of palliative care for patients over the age of 65 with chronic, life-limiting illness with a particular emphasis on Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). The specific aims are: 1) to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel EHR-based (electronic health record) clinician Jumpstart guide, compared with usual care, for improving the quality of care; the primary outcome is documentation of a goals-of-care discussion during the hospitalization. Secondary outcomes focus on intensity of care: ICU use, ICU and hospital length of stay, costs of care during the hospitalization, and 30-day hospital readmissions; and 2) to conduct a mixed-methods evaluation of the implementation of the Jumpstart intervention, guided by the RE-AIM and CFIR frameworks for implementation science, incorporating quantitative assessments of effectiveness, implementation and maintenance and qualitative assessments of clinician perspectives on barriers and facilitators to future implementation and dissemination.

NCT04281784

Conditions

1. Dementia
2. Chronic Disease
3. Neoplasm Metastasis
4. Lung Neoplasm
5. Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
6. Heart Failure，Congestive
7. Liver Cirrhosis
8. Kidney Failure, Chronic
9. Lung Diseases, Interstitial
10. Peripheral Vascular Disease
11. Diabetes With End Organ Injury
12. Palliative Care, Patient Care
13. Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation
14. Patient Care
15. Inpatients
16. Health Communication
17. Patient Care Planning

Interventions

1. Behavioral: EHR-based Clinician Jumpstart

MeSH:Neoplasms Neoplasm Metastasis Lung Neoplasms Liver Cirrhosis Lung Diseases Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive Lung Diseases, Interstitial Renal Insufficiency Kidney Failure, Chronic Heart Failure Vascular Diseases Peripheral Vascular Diseases Peripheral Arterial Disease Chronic Disease

HPO:Abnormal left ventricular function Abnormal lung morphology Chronic pulmonary obstruction Cirrhosis Congestive heart failure Hepatic fibrosis Interstitial pneumonitis Interstitial pulmonary abnormality Neoplasm Neoplasm of the lung Peripheral arterial stenosis Renal insufficiency Right ventricular failure

COVID-19 pandemic with SARS-CoV-2 infection has become a global challenge. Though most cases of COVID-19 are mild, the disease can also be fatal. Patients with liver cirrhosis are more susceptible to damage from SARS-CoV-2 infection considering their immunocompromised status. The spectrum of disease and factors that influence the disease course in COVID-19 cases with liver cirrhosis are incompletely defined. This muilticentre observational study (COVID-Cirrhosis-CHESS2002) aims to study the clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with specific outcomes in COVID-19 patients with pre-existing liver cirrhosis.

NCT04329559

Conditions

1. COVID-19
2. Liver Cirrhosis

MeSH:Liver Cirrhosis Fibrosis

HPO:Cirrhosis Hepatic fibrosis

To address the existing deficiencies in the knowledge regarding liver involvement and spectrum of clinical presentation and the impact of COVID-19 infection in patients of liver disease was planned. The present study will be a hospital based and the cases of confirmed COVID-19 infection will be evaluated in relation to liver involvement irrespective of pre-existing liver disease. The primary objective was to address the clinical presentation, biochemical alteration and outcomes of COVID-19 infection in subjects with chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis in comparison to those having infection in the absence of pre-existing liver disease

NCT04345640

Conditions

1. Liver Cirrhoses

Interventions

1. Other: no intervention

MeSH:Liver Cirrhosis

HPO:Cirrhosis Hepatic fibrosis

Proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) are commonly prescribed in an uncritical manner to patients with liver cirrhosis without a clear evidence-based indication. Observational studies suggests that PPI use in cirrhotic patients may be a risk factor for the development of infections, especially spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). A possible explanation are PPI-associated microbiotic shifts leading to small intestinal bacterial overgrowth with subsequently increased bacterial translocation. Furthermore, PPI therapy in cirrhotic patients may lead to an increased risk for pneumonia and Clostridium difficile-infections. However, the evidence is ambiguous, as other published studies found no evidence for an association of PPI use with an increased risk for SBP or pneumonia. Moreover, an association between episodes of hepatic encephalopathy and PPI use has been reported. Infections and hepatic encephalopathy may often lead to a hospitalization of cirrhotic patients and PPI use at discharge has also been associated to early re-hospitalization. While some studies found an association of PPI and increased mortality in cirrhotic patients, other studies could not observe this association. Thus, some of the current evidence suggests an unfavourable risk profile of PPIs in patients with liver cirrhosis. However, this patient population is considered to be at a high risk of gastrointestinal haemorrhage from peptic ulcers. Importantly, patients with liver cirrhosis have an increased mortality after peptic ulcer bleeding as compared to patients without cirrhosis. Therefore, generous PPI use may also have a yet unproven preventive effect against upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The STOPPIT trial is the first prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind trial investigating the effect of discontinuation of long-term PPI therapy on hospitalized patients with complicated liver cirrhosis with a pre-existing long-term PPI therapy. Importantly, patients with an evidence-based indication for PPI therapy are excluded from the trial. All study participants (n=476) stop their previous PPI treatment and are then randomized (1:1) to receive either placebo (intervention group) or esomeprazole 20mg/day (control group) for 360 days. The primary hypothesis anticipates a delay of re-hospitalisation and/or death (composite endpoint) in patients who discontinue PPI treatment as compared to patients who continue PPI therapy. Secondary objectives include the assessment of mortality, re-hospitalisation rates, infection rates, rate of acute hepatic decompensation and ACLF, as well as rates of upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding events in both groups. Impact of prolonged or discontinued PPI therapy on the intestinal microbiota and pharmacoeconomics will be studied as a secondary assessment.

NCT04448028

Conditions

1. Liver Cirrhosis

Interventions

1. Drug: Placebo
2. Drug: Esomeprazole 20mg

MeSH:Liver Cirrhosis Fibrosis

HPO:Cirrhosis Hepatic fibrosis