Despite widespread use of respiratory protective equipment in the U.S. healthcare workplace, there is very little clinical evidence that respirators prevent healthcare personnel (HCP) from airborne infectious diseases. Scientific investigation of this issue has been quite complicated, primarily because the use of respirators has become "the standard of care" for protection against airborne diseases in some instances, even without sufficient evidence to support their use. The key question remains: How well do respirators prevent airborne infectious diseases? The answer to this important question has important medical, public health, political and economic implications.

NCT01249625

Conditions

1. Influenza
2. Respiratory Syncytial Viruses
3. Paramyxoviridae Infections
4. Coronavirus
5. Rhinovirus

Interventions

1. Device: N95 Respirator
2. Device: Medical/surgical mask

MeSH:Paramyxoviridae Infections

The study will be conducted using nasopharyngeal swab specimens collected prospectively from individuals suspected of having the signs and symptoms of an acute respiratory tract infection caused by a respiratory virus. A series of standard viral culture tests validated for routine use in the clinical laboratory, and/or a series of PCR-based Laboratory Developed Tests (PCR-LDT) validated by a central reference laboratory will be used to verify the performance of the investigational artus Influenza A/B RT-PCR test and the QIAGEN ResPlex II Advanced Panel test. From each specimen five (5) aliquots will be prepared: (a) one aliquot will be tested in real-time using the assigned viral culture reference methods; (b) one aliquot will be used to extract nucleic acid in real-time for investigational testing; (c) one aliquot of the specimen will be stored at --70C for subsequent shipment to the reference laboratory for PCR-LDT testing, (d) one aliquot will be archived at -70C for subsequent follow-up by the reference laboratory (e.g., bi-directional sequencing of positive specimens), and (e) any remaining specimen will be stored for the Fresh vs. Frozen Study. The extracted nucleic acid generated from the second aliquot (i.e., "b" above) will be split and subjected to testing by both the artus Influenza A/B RT-PCR test and the ResPlex II Advanced Panel test.

NCT01302418

Conditions

1. QIAGEN ResPlex II Advanced Panel
2. Influenza A
3. Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections
4. Infection Due to Human Parainfluenza Virus 1
5. Parainfluenza Type 2
6. Parainfluenza Type 3
7. Parainfluenza Type 4
8. Human Metapneumovirus A/B
9. Rhinovirus
10. Coxsackie Virus/Echovirus
11. Adenovirus Types B/C/E
12. Coronavirus Subtypes 229E
13. Coronavirus Subtype NL63
14. Coronavirus Subtype OC43
15. Coronavirus Subtype HKU1
16. Human Bocavirus
17. Artus Influenza A/B RT-PCR Test
18. Influenza B

Interventions

1. Device: artus Influenza A/B RT-PCR Test

MeSH:Infection Communicable Diseases Virus Diseases Influenza, Human Coronavirus Infections Adenoviridae Infections Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections Paramyxoviridae Infections Coxsackievirus Infections

This study will seek to enroll immunocompromised patients with Lower Tract parainfluenza infection. It also contains a sub-study to enroll patients with severe COVID-19.

NCT03808922

Conditions

1. Lower Respiratory Tract Infection
2. Parainfluenza
3. Immunocompromised
4. COVID-19

Interventions

1. Drug: DAS181
2. Drug: Placebo
3. Drug: DAS181 COVID-19
4. Drug: DAS181 OL

MeSH:Infection Communicable Diseases Respiratory Tract Infections Paramyxoviridae Infections

HPO:Respiratory tract infection