Primary Outcomes

Description: Stress level will be assessed by questionnaire

Measure: Stress

Time: Day 1

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Secondary Outcomes

Description: Perception and knowledge of the epidemic will be assessed by questionnaire

Measure: Perception and knowledge of the epidemic

Time: Day 1

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Description: The feeling of information will be assessed by questionnaire

Measure: Feeling of information on the part of companies / establishments / governments

Time: Day 1

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Description: the means of protection used will be assessed by questionnaire

Measure: Means of protection

Time: Day 1

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Description: The feeling of fear and the impact on stigmatization will be assessed by questionnaire

Measure: Feelings of fear generated and its impact on feelings of stigmatization towards ethnic groups or categories of patients

Time: Day 1

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Description: Sociodemographic factors and lifestyle habits will be assessed by questionnaire

Measure: Sociodemographic factors and lifestyle habits

Time: Day 1

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Primary Outcomes

Description: PROMIS Pain Intensity 3A short form is a 3 question survey measuring an individual's pain over the past 7 days. It utilizes a scale of 1 (no pain) to 5 (very severe pain) for all questions. The scores for the 3 questions are summed and then matched to a corresponding t-score for the instrument. The corresponding t-score is the final, reportable score and can range from 30.7 to 71.8 for the PROMIS Pain Intensity 3A instrument. Higher t-score values represent worse pain outcomes. More information on this instrument, including a scoring manual, can be found at http://www.healthmeasures.net

Measure: Change in reported pain intensity score (PROMIS Pain Intensity 3A) Patient-reported outcomes measurement information system Pain Intensity (PROMIS) 3A short form scores collected from all participating subjects.

Time: Measurements assessed via a computer interface of the standardized form listed above on the day of enrollment and on day fourteen, via telephone.

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Description: PROMIS Pain Intensity 1A short form is a 1 question survey measuring an individual's average pain over the past 7 days. It utilizes a scale of 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). Higher values represent worse pain outcomes. More information on this instrument, including a scoring manual, can be found at http://www.healthmeasures.net

Measure: Change in reported pain intensity score (PROMIS Pain Intensity 1A) Patient-reported outcomes measurement information system Pain Intensity (PROMIS) 1A short form scores collected from all participating subjects.

Time: Measurements assessed via a computer interface of the standardized form listed above on the day of enrollment and on day fourteen, via telephone.

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Description: The PROMIS Pain Interference 8A short form is an 8 question survey that measures how much pain has interfered in the respondent's life over the past 7 days. It utilizes a scale of 1 (not at all) to 5 (very much) for all questions. The scores for all 8 questions are summed and then matched to a corresponding t-score for the instrument. The corresponding t-score is the final, reportable score and can range from 40.7 to 77.0 for the PROMIS Pain Interference 8A instrument. Higher t-score values represent worse pain interference outcomes. More information on this instrument, including a scoring manual, can be found at http://www.healthmeasures.net

Measure: Change in reported pain interference score Patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS) Pain Interference 8A short form scores collected from all participating subjects.

Time: Measurements assessed via a computer interface of the standardized form listed above on the day of enrollment and on day fourteen, via telephone.

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Description: The PROMIS Emotional Distress-Anxiety 8A short form is an 8 statement survey that measures how much emotional distress, specifically due to anxiety, a respondent has experienced over the past 7 days. It utilizes a scale of 1 (never) to 5 (always) for all the statements. The scores for all 8 statements are summed and then matched to a corresponding t-score for the instrument. The corresponding t-score is the final, reportable score and can range from 37.1 to 83.1 for the PROMIS Emotional Distress-Anxiety 8A instrument. Higher t-score values represent worse anxiety caused emotional distress outcomes. More information on this instrument, including a scoring manual, can be found at http://www.healthmeasures.net

Measure: Change in reported emotional distress (anxiety) score. Patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS) Emotional Distress-Anxiety 8A short form scores collected from all participating subjects.

Time: Measurements assessed via a computer interface of the standardized form listed above on the day of enrollment and on day fourteen, via telephone.

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Primary Outcomes

Measure: quantify and qualify distress over a large population in times of pandemic crisis.

Time: 1 month

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Secondary Outcomes

Measure: qualify demographic data vs distress over a large population in times of pandemic crisis.

Time: 1 month

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Primary Outcomes

Description: The depression symptoms assessed by Patient Health Queationnaire-9 Scale. The range is 0 -27, the highest score means the highest depresive

Measure: Depression

Time: up to 5 minutes

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Description: The anxiety symptoms assessed by Generalized Anxiety Disorder -7 Scale. It is consists of 7 item with ranged score 0 -21. The highest score means the highest anxiety

Measure: Anxiety symptoms

Time: up to 5 minutes

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Description: The stress related problems assessed by Self Reporting Questionnaire-20 Scale. The range is 0 -20, the highest score means the highest mental health problems

Measure: Stress related problems

Time: up to 7 minutes

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Description: Behavior and emotional problem among children and adolescents assessed by Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. SDQ consists of 25 statements, the score is ranged from 0 - 60. The highest score means the highest problems

Measure: Behavior and emotional problem among children and adolescents

Time: up to 5 minutes

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Primary Outcomes

Description: stress level of caregivers managing patients with coronavirus infection needing airway support or resuscitation. The level of stress will be quantified with the Maslach burnout Inventory.

Measure: Stress in a recovery room transformed into an intensive care unit versus a conventional intensive care unit

Time: A 3 months period from the starting of the pandemic

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Primary Outcomes

Description: Stress state score, during the confinement period, established by a comparison VAS (visual analogue scale) compared to a period outside COVID-19 (from -5: considerable degradation to +5: considerable improvement, with 0: no change)

Measure: Stress state score, during the confinement period

Time: About 10 minutes ( Questionnaire filling time)

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Primary Outcomes

Description: Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT): This is a 10-item questionnaire designed to screen for AUD. The first 3 questions constitute the AUDIT-C and provides a measure of alcohol consumption. The total score provides a continuous quantification of AUD severity.

Measure: AUDIT Score

Time: 24 months

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Description: Alcohol Dependence Scale (ADS): This 25-item scale will be used to measure severity of alcohol dependence. This scale covers alcohol withdrawal symptoms, impaired control over drinking, awareness of a compulsion to drink, increased tolerance to alcohol, and salience of drink-seeking behavior.

Measure: ADS Score

Time: 24 months

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Secondary Outcomes

Description: Life Events Questionnaire (LEQ): This questionnaire assesses positive and negative life events and their impact on participants

Measure: Life Events Questionnaire (LEQ) Score

Time: 24 monhts

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Description: UCLA Loneliness Scale (UCLALS): This is a 20-item scale designed to measure a person s subjective feeling of loneliness and social isolation in the last month

Measure: UCLA Loneliness Scale (UCLALS) Score

Time: 24 months

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Description: Perceived stress scale (PSS): This is a 10-item scale to measure perception of stress

Measure: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) Score

Time: 24 months

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Primary Outcomes

Description: A 39-item self-report scale, translated and validated in Spanish, that measures mindfulness traits (Baer et al 2006, 2010; Cebolla et al 2012). Respondents rate a series of statements on a 5-point likert scale, with 1 being "never" and 5 being "very often".

Measure: Change on the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire

Time: Baseline, 4 months

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Description: A 10-item self-report scale, translated and validated in Spanish, that measures emotion regulation (Gross and John 2003; Cabello, Salguero, Fernández-Berrocal and Gross 2013). Respondents rate a series of statements on a 7-point likert scale, with 1 being "I strongly disagree" and 7 being "I totally agree".

Measure: Change on the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire

Time: Baseline, 4 months

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Description: A 21-item self-report scale, translated and validated in Spanish, that measures depression, anxiety and stress levels (Henry and Crawford 2005, Bados et al. 2005). Respondents rate a series of statements on a 4-point likert scale, with 0 being "not at all true of me" and 3 being "very true of me".

Measure: Change on the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale

Time: Baseline, 4 months

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Description: A 30-item self-report scale, translated and validated in Spanish, that measures self-regulation, psychological wellbeing, sociability and emotionality (Petrides et al 2016, Pérez 2003). Respondents rate a series of statements on a 7-point likert scale, with 1 being "I strongly disagree" and 7 being "I totally agree".

Measure: Change on the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire

Time: Baseline, 4 months

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Description: A 20-item self-report scale, translated and validated in Spanish, that measures cultural intelligence (Ang et al 2007; Moyano et al 2014). Respondents rate a series of statements on a 7-point likert scale, with 1 being "I strongly disagree" and 7 being "I totally agree".

Measure: Change on the Cultural Intelligence Scale

Time: Baseline, 4 months

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Description: An 8-item self-report scale, translated and validated in Spanish, that measures the levels of the mind wandering trait (Carriere et al 2013). Respondents rate a series of statements on a 7-point likert scale, with 1 being "almost never" and 7 being "almost always".

Measure: Change on the Mind Wandering questionnaire

Time: Baseline, 4 months

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Description: Online cognitive test, assessing several objective indices (based on participant's reaction times and accuracy) of attention and vigilance (Luna et al 2018).

Measure: Change on the ANTIVEA task

Time: Baseline, 4 months

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Description: Face-to-face questionnaire, in Spanish, measuring divergent thinking (Berná and Limiñana 2010, Elisondo et al 2017).

Measure: Change on the Test on creativity

Time: Baseline, 4 months

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Description: A 52-item self-report scale, translated and validated in Spanish, that measures motivation and learning strategies (Rojas-Ospina and Valencia-Serrano 2019; Muñoz and Asencio 2018; Pintrich et al 1987, Pintrich and De Groot 1990; Martínez Fernández and Galán 2000). Respondents rate a series of statements on a 5-point likert scale, with 1 being "I strongly disagree" and 5 being "I totally agree".

Measure: Change on the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire

Time: Baseline, 4 months

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Secondary Outcomes

Description: Results from primary outcome are associated with academic performance of students' core subjects.

Measure: Academic performance assessment

Time: Up to 4 years

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Description: This qualitative questionnaire with open ended questions builds directly on the results from the quantitative phase. The quantitative results are interpreted in more detail through the qualitative data.

Measure: Qualitative questionnaire on students' experience

Time: 4 months

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Primary Outcomes

Description: change in a self-report measure of stress during the COVID-19 pandemic that ranges from 0-128. Higher means more symptomatic.

Measure: The CoRonavIruS Health Impact Survey (CRISIS)

Time: change from Pre to post treatment (6 weeks),

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Description: change in a self-report measure of stress during the COVID-19 pandemic that ranges from 0-128. Higher means more symptomatic.

Measure: The CoRonavIruS Health Impact Survey (CRISIS)

Time: change from Pre to 6 months Follow-up

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Description: change in a self-report measure of stress during the COVID-19 pandemic that ranges from 0-128. Higher means more symptomatic.

Measure: The CoRonavIruS Health Impact Survey (CRISIS)

Time: change from Pre to 1 year Follow-up

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Secondary Outcomes

Description: a self-report measure of depression, anxiety and stress, with each subscale ranging from 0-28. Higher means more symptomatic.

Measure: Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale- 21 item version: DASS-21

Time: Weekly change during treatment and at pre and post (6 week) treatment evaluations

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Description: a self-report measure of depression, anxiety and stress, with each subscale ranging from 0-28. Higher means more symptomatic.

Measure: Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale- 21 item version: DASS-21

Time: change from pre to 6 month follow up

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Description: a self-report measure of depression, anxiety and stress, with each subscale ranging from 0-28. Higher means more symptomatic.

Measure: Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale- 21 item version: DASS-21

Time: change from pre to 1 year follow-up

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Other Outcomes

Description: how many modules each individual completes, with less than 2 being considered dropout

Measure: completion rate of modules

Time: 6 weeks

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Primary Outcomes

Description: Professional Quality of Life Questionnaire (proQOL): min score of 10; max score of 50; higher scores mean worse outcome

Measure: Change in professional quality of life

Time: Before peer support program, through study completion (an average of 7 months)

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Secondary Outcomes

Description: Stress Risk & Resilience Self-Index: min score 0; max score of 12; higher scores mean worse outcome

Measure: Change in mental health symptoms and resilience markers

Time: Before peer support program, through study completion (an average of 7 months)

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Primary Outcomes

Description: Patient Health Questionnaire 4 items, Kroenke, Spitzer, Williams & Lowe, 2009

Measure: Patient Health Questionnaire - 4

Time: 1 week

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Description: Patient Health Questionnaire 4 items, Kroenke, Spitzer, Williams & Lowe, 2009

Measure: Patient Health Questionnaire - 4

Time: 9 weeks

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Description: Patient Health Questionnaire 4 items, Kroenke, Spitzer, Williams & Lowe, 2009

Measure: Patient Health Questionnaire - 4

Time: 26 weeks

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Description: Patient Health Questionnaire 4 items, Kroenke, Spitzer, Williams & Lowe, 2009

Measure: Patient Health Questionnaire - 4

Time: 40 weeks

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Description: 2 items from the WHO-5: Beck 2004

Measure: World Health Organization Well Being Questionnaire

Time: 1 week

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Description: 2 items from the WHO-5: Beck 2004

Measure: World Health Organization Well Being Questionnaire

Time: 9 weeks

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Description: 2 items from the WHO-5: Beck 2004

Measure: World Health Organization Well Being Questionnaire

Time: 26 weeks

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Description: 2 items from the WHO-5: Beck 2004

Measure: World Health Organization Well Being Questionnaire

Time: 40 weeks

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Description: Reported negative and positive emotions: Coifman et al, 2016

Measure: Affective Experience

Time: 1 week

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Description: Adapted from Hunsley, 1992, assessed subjective experience with intervention

Measure: Treatment Acceptability Questionnaire

Time: 1 week

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Primary Outcomes

Description: The degree of anxiety and/or depression in all three groups, induced by their altered medical care trajectory. 0-7 = Normal 8-10 = Borderline abnormal (borderline case) 11-21 = Abnormal (case)

Measure: Anxiety/depression by means of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)

Time: 10 minutes

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Description: The incidence of medical problems induced by deferred elective surgery or delayed postoperative ambulatory visit by means of an adjusted survey.

Measure: Medical problems induced by deferred elective surgery or delayed postoperative ambulatory visit

Time: 10 minutes

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Description: The occurrence of reduced access to medical and psychological help by means of an adjusted survey.

Measure: Reduced access to medical and psychological help

Time: 10 minutes

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Primary Outcomes

Description: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Score (PSQI) is a 19-item self-rated questionnaire for evaluating subjective sleep quality over the previous month. The PSQI has a sensitivity of 89.6% and specificity of 86.5% for identifying cases with sleep disorder, using a cut-off score of 5. The first 4 items are open questions, whereas items 5 to 19 are rated on a 4-point Likert scale. Individual items scores yield 7 components. A total score, ranging from 0 to 21, is obtained by adding the 7 component scores. A score above 5 suggests poor sleep quality. A decrease in PSQI score following intervention would reflect and improvement of sleep quality

Measure: Change in Subjective measures of Sleep quality: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index total Score

Time: Up to one month

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Description: The PSS measures whether different aspects of life were perceived as stressful by participants on a 5-point scale (where 0 was never and 4 was very often) in the past month. Positively worded questions are reversed scored and all 10 questions ratings are summarised into a total score, which ranges from 0 to 40, with higher scores indicating more perceived stress.

Measure: Change in subjective measures of Stress: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)

Time: Up to one month

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Secondary Outcomes

Description: Measured within the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire. This is the total perceived time in bed in minutes, calculated as item 3 of the PSQI ("When have you usually gotten up in the morning?") minus item 1 ("When have you usually gone to bed?")

Measure: Change in Subjective Time in Bed (TIB)

Time: Up to one month

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Description: Measured within the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire. Total sleep time reflects the amount of time in minutes participants were effectively sleeping while in bed, without periods of wakefulness, on average over the past month. This will be measured by item 4 of the PSQI questionnaires: "How many hours of actual sleep do you get at night?".

Measure: Change in Subjective Total Sleep Time (TST)

Time: Up to one month

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Description: Measured within the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. This is the perceived time, in minutes, that takes participants to fall asleep from the moment they go to bed. This corresponds to item 2 of the PSQI: "How long (in minutes) has it taken you to fall asleep each night?"

Measure: Change in Subjective Sleep Onset Latency (SOL)

Time: Up to one month

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Description: Measured within the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire. In addition to Sleep Onset Latency (Secondary outcome 1), a second subjective measure of sleep quality is extracted from the PSQI: time of perceived wakefulness occurring after defined sleep onset. WASO is calculated by taking into account the total time spent in bed (TST) minus total sleep time (TST) and minus sleep onset latency (SOL), in minutes. High WASO scores reflect low sleep continuity and poor sleep quality.

Measure: Change in Subjective Wake After Sleep Onset (WASO)

Time: Up to one month

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Primary Outcomes

Description: 6 items - age, sex, city of residence, marital status, level of education, employment status

Measure: sociodemopraphic factors

Time: 5 months

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Description: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), 10 items about thoughts and feelings that characterize a person's perception of stress

Measure: perceived stress

Time: 5 months

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Description: The General Anxiety Disorder Assessment GAD-2, 2 items to examine the level of anxiety

Measure: level of anxiety

Time: 5 months

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Description: EQ5D-VAS, 1 item to examine health status

Measure: self-reported health state

Time: 5 months

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Description: Self-administered inventory of complaints (Hungarian questionnaire), 20 items to measure number of complaints.

Measure: number of complaints

Time: 5 months

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Description: Shortened (Hungarian) version of the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WOC), 22 items to measure cognitive or behavioral strategies in coping with stressful situations

Measure: strategies in coping with stressful situations

Time: 5 months

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Description: psychological effects of the coronavirus pandemic on the participants' mood and ways of coping with difficulties arising from the pandemic, 2 open-ended questions (not obligatory to answer) in connection with psychological effects of the coronavirus pandemic (its effects on the participants' mood and ways of coping with difficulties arising from the pandemic).

Measure: psychological effects of the coronavirus pandemic on the participants' mood and ways of coping with difficulties arising from the pandemic

Time: 5 months

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Description: The Patient Health Questionnaire PHQ-2, 2 items to examine the level of depression

Measure: level of depression

Time: 5 months

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Primary Outcomes

Description: Psychological distress will be assessed by aggregating 3 measures: PROMIS anxiety and PROMIS depression, and the NIH Toolbox Perceived Stress Scale. Averages will be z-scored with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation 1. Higher scores indicate increased psychological distress.

Measure: Change from baseline on an aggregate measure of Psychological distress that averages the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Anxiety and Depressive Measures and the NIH Perceived Stress Scale

Time: baseline, after weeks 1, 2, and 3 of the intervention, 4 weeks (post intervention), 16 weeks (3 months post-intervention)

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Secondary Outcomes

Description: A measure of acting with mindful awareness. The total possible range in scores is 8-40, with higher scores indicating greater levels of this facet of mindfulness.

Measure: Change from baseline on the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire Act with Awareness subscale

Time: baseline, after weeks 1, 2, and 3 of the intervention, 4 weeks (post intervention), 16 weeks (3 months post-intervention)

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Description: Psychological distancing (i.e., defusion) will be assessed with the 10-item Drexel Defusion Scale (DDS). The total possible range in scores is 0-50, with higher scores indicating greater levels of psychological distancing.

Measure: Change from baseline on the Drexel Defusion Scale (DDS)

Time: baseline, after weeks 1, 2, and 3 of the intervention, 4 weeks (post intervention), 16 weeks (3 months post-intervention)

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Description: The Meaning in Life Questionnaire Presence subscale will be used to measure perceptions of meaning and purpose in life. The total possible range in scores is 5 - 35 with higher scores indicating greater levels of meaning.

Measure: Change from baseline on the Meaning in Life Questionnaire

Time: baseline, after weeks 1, 2, and 3 of the intervention, 4 weeks (post intervention), 16 weeks (3 months post-intervention)

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Description: A measure of loneliness (i.e, lack of social connectedness). The total possible range in scores is 1-5, representing the average across all items; higher scores indicate greater levels of loneliness.

Measure: Change from baseline on the NIH Toolbox Loneliness scale

Time: baseline, after weeks 1, 2, and 3 of the intervention, 4 weeks (post intervention), 16 weeks (3 months post-intervention)

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Description: The Conway COVID Questionnaire is a new, 16-tem measure of coronavirus related distress and related experiences. The perceived coronavirus threat, coronavirus impacts questionnaire, and coronavirus experiences subscales will be summed. The total possible range in scores is 7 - 112 with higher scores representing greater perceived threat.

Measure: Change from baseline on the Conway COVID Questionnaire

Time: baseline, 4 weeks (post intervention), 16 weeks (3 months post-intervention)

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Description: The Self-Compassion Scale Short Form will be used to measure self-compassion. The total possible range in scores is 12-60, with higher scores indicating greater levels of self-compassion.

Measure: Change from baseline on the Self-Compassion Scale Short Form

Time: baseline, 4 weeks (post intervention), 16 weeks (3 months post-intervention)

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Description: Negative ruminative thinking will be measured with the Perseverative Thought Questionnaire. The total possible range in scores is 0-60, with higher scores indicating greater levels negative ruminative thinking.

Measure: Change from baseline on the Perseverative Thought Questionnaire

Time: baseline, 4 weeks (post intervention), 16 weeks (3 months post-intervention)

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Description: Well-being with be measured using the WHO-5. The total possible range in scores is 0-25, with higher scores indicating greater levels of well-being.

Measure: Change from baseline on the World Health Organization 5-item (WHO-5) well-being scale

Time: baseline, 4 weeks (post intervention), 16 weeks (3 months post-intervention)

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Description: The Neutral Face Rating task is a novel measure of prosocial construal (average likability ratings) and race bias (average liking of white faces minus the average liking of black faces). Total score for both prosocial construal and bias range from 1 to 7, with higher scores representing greater prosocial construal and bias favoring white faces (negative scores on the bias measure indicate bias for liking black faces more than white faces).

Measure: Change from baseline on the Neutral Face Rating task

Time: baseline, 4 weeks (post intervention), 16 weeks (3 months post-intervention)

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Description: A measure of fixed versus incremental mindset regarding well-being. The average across items for a possible range in scores from 1-6 will be measured, with higher scores indicating greater levels of incremental views on well-being (i.e., it can be learned).

Measure: Change from baseline on the Growth Mindset Scale for Well-Being

Time: baseline, 4 weeks (post intervention)

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Other Outcomes

Description: 4-tems following each app-based practice for treatment participants that ask about perceive quality of the practice, (1 poor, 9 very good), and mood (1 poor, 5 good).

Measure: Slope across time on Practice quality and mood items

Time: Every other day when participant completes a practice (up to 4 weeks)

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Description: A measure of working alliance in a digital environment that will be averaged across all items for a score range from 1 to 7, with higher scores reflecting higher levels of alliance.

Measure: Digital working alliance

Time: After weeks 1, 2, and 3 during the intervention, 4 weeks (post intervention), 16 weeks (3 months post-intervention) - Intervention group only

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Primary Outcomes

Description: Prevalence of postpartum depression during the Covid-19 pandemic with EPDS scale (Edinburgh postnatal depression scale)

Measure: Correlation between the Covid-19 pandemic and postpartum depression with EPDS scale (Edinburgh postnatal depression scale)

Time: 40 days postpartum

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Secondary Outcomes

Description: Association between the Covid-19 pandemic, postpartum depression and type of anaesthesia (general, epidural, spinal, combined, epidural analgesia for vaginal delivery)

Measure: Correlation between the Covid-19 pandemic, postpartum depression and type of anaesthesia (general, epidural, spinal, combined, epidural analgesia for vaginal delivery)

Time: 10 minutes postpartum

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Description: Association between the Covid-19 pandemic, postpartum depression and postpartum pain assessed during postanesthesia care unit stay assessed by Numeric Pain Rating Scale (Scale 0-10 where 0 equals no pain and 10 maximum possible pain)

Measure: Correlation between the Covid-19 pandemic, postpartum depression and postpartum pain

Time: 2 minutes prior to discharge from the Postanaesthesia care unit

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Description: Association between the Covid-19 pandemic, postpartum depression and postpartum pain assessed during postanesthesia care unit stay assessed by Numeric Pain Rating Scale (Scale 0-10 where 0 equals no pain and 10 maximum possible pain)

Measure: Correlation between the Covid-19 pandemic, postpartum depression and postpartum pain

Time: 2 minutes after admission to the Postanaesthesia care unit

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Primary Outcomes

Description: The SAQ measures teamwork climate, safety climate, job satisfaction, stress recognition, perceptions of management, and working conditions. The six items assessing teamwork climate will be used. 5 point likert scale is used. Mean of the items - 1 * 25 will convert each participant's results to a 100 point scale (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 points).

Measure: Teamwork climate, as measured by selected items from the validated Safety Attitude Questionnaire (SAQ)

Time: 4 weeks

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Description: The BRS is comprised of 6 items on a likert scale. Responses varying from 1-5 for all six items give a total range of 6-30. This sum will be divided by the total number of questions for a final score.

Measure: Resiliency, as measured by the validated Brief Resilience Scale (BRS)

Time: 4 weeks

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Description: This single item inventory provides 5 definitions of burnout that the participant will choose that most closely fits their personal level of burnout at the moment

Measure: Burnout, as validated by the single-item burnout scale inventory

Time: 4 weeks

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Primary Outcomes

Description: the P/F ratio is a surrogate parameter for oxygenation in ARDS.

Measure: P/F ratio

Time: three days of intervention

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Secondary Outcomes

Description: The kidney function frequently is deteriorated in COVID-19 patients

Measure: Kidney function

Time: three days of intervention

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Primary Outcomes

Description: Quantitative online questionnaire Survey using UniPark

Measure: Interest in digital interventions (attitudes, behavioral intentions, behavioral experiences)

Time: T1 (prior/beginning of rehab/clinic stay); T2 (end of rehab/clinic stay approx. 5 weeks after T1)

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Description: Quantitative online questionnaire Survey using UniPark

Measure: Usability and effectiveness of digital interventions

Time: T1 (prior/beginning of rehab/clinic stay); T2 (end of rehab/clinic stay approx. 5 weeks after T1)

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Description: Quantitative online questionnaire Survey using UniPark

Measure: Stressors and barriers due to Covid-19

Time: T1 (prior/beginning of rehab/clinic stay); T2 (end of rehab/clinic stay approx. 5 weeks after T1)

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Primary Outcomes

Description: Family Child Care Home Providers & Parents: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)-10 is a 10-item tool widely used to measure the degree to which circumstances in one's life are deemed as stressful in the general population. The PSS was designed for use in community samples with at least a junior high school education. The items are easy to understand, and the response alternatives are simple to grasp. Six items of the PSS-10 are negatively phrased (item 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 10; negative perception subscale, while the remaining four (item 4, 5, 7 and 8; positive perception subscale) are positively phrased items and require reverse coding. Total PSS-10 score will be calculated by summing scores. A total score ranges 0-40 where a higher score indicates higher perceived stress.

Measure: Change in Perceived Level of Stress as assessed by the Perceived Stress Scale

Time: At pre and post surveys lasting 30-45 minutes each, up to 15 weeks apart

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Description: Family Child Care Home Providers & Parents: Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Informational Support Short Form 8a assesses the perceived availability of helpful information or advice. It is an 8-item tool and each item has 5 response options ranging in values from one to five-1=Never 2=Rarely 3=Sometimes 4=Usually 5=Always with a range of 8-40. Total raw scores, sum of values to responses, will be calculated. A Score conversion table found in the Appendix of the tool will be used to translate the total raw score or pro-rated score into a T-score for each participant. The T-score rescales the raw score into a standardized score with a mean of 50 and a standard deviation (SD) of 10.

Measure: Change in Perceived Level of Informational Support as assessed by the PROMIS Informational Support Short Form

Time: At pre and post surveys lasting 30-45 minutes each, up to 15 weeks apart

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Description: Family Child Care Home providers will be asked in the pre/post-surveys whether they are aware of the existence of the Maryland Early Childhood Family Engagement Framework and Toolkit- a 91-page document developed by the Maryland State Department of Education to guide child care providers in best practices for family engagement. Family Child Care Home providers will respond either i. Yes, I am aware of it but have not read it ii. Yes, I am aware of it and have read the report iii. No, I am not aware of it

Measure: Change in Awareness of the Maryland Early Childhood Family Engagement Framework and Toolkit as assessed by a survey question

Time: At pre and post surveys lasting 30-45 minutes each, up to 15 weeks apart

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Description: The social, emotional, and behavioral functioning in children will be assessed by parents responding to items on the Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation for Children: The Short Form (SCBE)-30. It is a 30 item tool with a 6 point response option- Never (1), Sometimes (2 or 3), Often (4 or 5), or Always (6). The SCBE-30 has three subscales (10 items each): Anger-Aggression (cronbach's α = 0.93 in the current sample), Anxiety-Withdrawal (cronbach's α = 0.87), and Social Competence (cronbach's α = 0.89). The SCBE-30 was developed for children from ages three to six and has been shown to have high interrater and test-retest reliability and internal consistency. Sums of each subscale will be calculated.

Measure: Change in Social, Emotional, and Behavior Functioning in Children as assessed by the Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation for Children

Time: At pre and post surveys lasting 30-45 minutes each, up to 15 weeks apart

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Secondary Outcomes

Description: Family Child Care Home Provider and Parents: The Supportive Parent-Caregiver Relationship Sub-scale from Scales Measuring Aspects of Child-Care Quality Supportive Parent-Caregiver Relationship assess the perceived quality of the Parent-Child Care Relationship. The provider report contains 6 items with a 5 point response scale-1=Never, 2=Rarely, 3=Sometimes, 4=Often, or 5=Always. The scale will be adapted to ask about the general relationship to all parents, not any specific parent. The parent report contains 6 items with a 5 point response scale-1=Never, 2=Rarely, 3=Sometimes, 4=Often, or 5=Always. The mean score & alpha will be reported. Reported Mean=26.9, SD=3.4, Alpha=.84)

Measure: Change in Quality of the Parent-Child Care Relationship as assessed by the Supportive Parent-Caregiver Relationship Subscale

Time: At pre and post surveys lasting 30-45 minutes each, up to 15 weeks apart

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Primary Outcomes

Description: The PHQ-9, assessed weekly, is a 9-item questionnaire of psychological function over the past week with all items on a "0" (not at all) to "3" (nearly every day) scale. Higher scores equal more distress.

Measure: Decreased distress on Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)

Time: 8 week study period

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Description: EMA (Ecological Momentary Assessment) reports of decreased distress (in ESP + daily monitoring group only). Higher scores on the item equal higher levels of distress.

Measure: Decreased distress on EMA reports

Time: 8 week study period

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Description: The GAD-7, assessed weekly, is a 7-item questionnaire of anxiety symptoms over the past week with all items on a "0" (not at all) to "3" (nearly every day) scale. Higher scores equal more anxiety.

Measure: Decreased anxiety symptoms on the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD-7)

Time: 8 week study period

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Secondary Outcomes

Description: The ASR is a measure of adaptive functioning and psychopathology (e.g., anxiety, depression symptoms). Most of the items are on a 3 point scale including: (0) Not true, (1) Somewhat or sometimes true, and (2) Very often or often true.

Measure: Adult Self Report (ASR)

Time: 8 week study period

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Primary Outcomes

Description: The therapeutic sessions will emphasize on aspects of anxiety, depression, grief, post traumatic impact, loss, fear and so on, using standardized therapeutic techniques of psychotherapy. If the individual is in need of further management or somatic symptom related treatment, they will be guided for pharmacotherapy.

Measure: Therapeutic Sessions emphasizing on Stress

Time: 3 Months

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Secondary Outcomes

Description: Resilience building and planning will be implemented via individual, group and/or online based training portals to the cohort falling in the range of mild-moderate levels of psychological distress.

Measure: Resilience building and planning

Time: 3 Months

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Primary Outcomes

Description: The Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9; Kroenke, Spitzer & Williams, 2001) is used to measure symptoms of depression in accordance with the diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder. The questionnaire consists of nine items scored on a four-point Likert scale (0-3), with the range of scores from 0 to 27. Higher scores indicate greater depression severity, and scores above 10 are considered as the cut-off that indicating that the patient is within the depressive area. Specific cut-off for primary care samples in Chile have been found yielding a cut-off of 7 and above for high sensitivity and specificity (Saldivia, Aslan, Cova, Vicente, Inostroza & Rincón, 2019)

Measure: Depressive symptoms

Time: Month 1 (first follow-up) and month 6 (second follow-up)

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Description: The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7; Spitzer, Kroenke, Williams & Löwe, 2006) is used to measure symptoms of anxiety and worry. The questionnaire consists of seven items scored on a four-point Likert scale (0-3), with the scores ranging from 0 to 21. Specific cut-off for primary care samples in Spain have been found yielding a cut-off of 10 and above for high sensitivity and specificity (García-Campayo et al, 2010).

Measure: Symptoms of anxiety

Time: Month 1 (first follow-up) and month 6 (second follow-up)

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Description: The Impact of Events Scale (IES-R; Weiss & Marmar, 1997) is used to measure symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There scale consists of 22 questions which are scored on a five-point Likert scale (0=not at all, 1=a little bit, 2=moderately, 3=quite a bit, 4=extremely). There are three subscales (i.e., avoidance, intrusion, hyperarousal) and the sum of the three subscales scores comprise the total score. A total score ≥33 indicates the likely presence of PTSD using criteria from the Diagnostic Symptom Manual (DSM-IV).

Measure: Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder

Time: Month 1 (first follow-up) and month 6 (second follow-up)

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Description: Change in visual analogue scale-assessed transdiagnostic measures across all psychiatric symptoms, and World Health Organization (WHO)-5 well-being in the last 2 weeks compared to the last 2 weeks of "regular life" before the COVID-19 outbreak.

Measure: Change in mental health symptoms, well-being from last 2 weeks before the pandemic to last 2 weeks during COVID-19 pandemic

Time: Change from last 2 weeks before pandemic to month 1 (first follow-up)

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Secondary Outcomes

Description: Three-Item Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale

Measure: Loneliness

Time: Month 1 (first follow-up) and month 6 (second follow-up)

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Description: Change in general physical health, self-rated, on a VAS scale from 0 to 100

Measure: Change in general physical health

Time: Change from last 2 weeks before pandemic to month 1 (first follow-up)

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Description: Change in general mental, self-rated, on a VAS scale from 0 to 100

Measure: Change in general mental health

Time: Change from last 2 weeks before pandemic to month 1 (first follow-up)

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Primary Outcomes

Description: sub scores of HADS questionnaire >7

Measure: occurence of anxiety and depression

Time: one month after ICU discharge

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Description: sub scores of HADS questionnaire >7

Measure: occurence of anxiety and depression

Time: three months after ICU discharge

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Description: IES-R score > 22

Measure: occurence of acute stress

Time: one month after ICU discharge

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Description: IES-R score > 36

Measure: occurence of post-traumatic stress disorder

Time: three months after ICU discharge

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Description: assessed using the EQ-5D questionnaire

Measure: quality of life

Time: one month after ICU discharge

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Description: assessed using the EQ-5D questionnaire

Measure: quality of life

Time: three months after ICU discharge

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Primary Outcomes

Description: evaluate the severity of psychological impact of the pandemic in Spain in healthcare workers

Measure: PSAS (Psychological Stress and Adaptation at work Score) during the crisis

Time: during the pandemic (April 9, 2020 to April 19, 2020)

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Secondary Outcomes

Description: evaluate the psychological stress in Spain in healthcare workers

Measure: PSAS (Psychological Stress and Adaptation at work Score) in basal conditions

Time: After the pandemic (back to regular activity to be considered in the future as we do not know it yet. It expected to be in less than one year.

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Primary Outcomes

Description: Weekly participant attendance will be recorded as date, month and year.

Measure: Determine the feasibility of a synchronous web-based health education program, of OUR project.

Time: 4 weeks

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Description: Investigator generated open-ended questions.

Measure: Determine the acceptability of a synchronous web-based health education program, of OUR project.

Time: 1 month

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Description: Weight measured in pounds.

Measure: Change from baseline at 3 months weight.

Time: Baseline to 3 months

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Description: Waist circumference measured in inches.

Measure: Change from baseline at 3 months waist circumference.

Time: Baseline to 3 months

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Description: Self-blood pressure collection using an automatic home blood pressure monitor systolic and diastolic in mmHg

Measure: Change from baseline at 3 months blood pressure.

Time: Baseline to 3 months

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Secondary Outcomes

Description: Perceived Stress Scale is a 10-item Likert scale questionnaire regarding stress over the past month with higher scores indicating higher levels of stress. Ranges 0-30.

Measure: Change from baseline stress at 3 months.

Time: baseline to 3 months

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Description: Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. This measure has 18 items, each measured on a 5-point rating scale. One total score will calculated by summing the individual item responses. Higher scores represent greater perceived difficulties in emotion regulation capabilities.

Measure: Change from baseline emotional regulation at 3 months.

Time: baseline to 3 months

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Description: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Questionnaire (DASH-Q). The DASH Q had 15 items eliciting responses regarding the consumption of DASH diet foods (e.g., fruits, nuts, and vegetables) in the past seven days. Higher score indicates greater DASH knowledge. Range 0-105.

Measure: Change from baseline dietary approaches to stop hypertension knowledge at 3 months.

Time: baseline to 3 months

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Description: The Brief Resilience Scale contains 5 questions on a Likert type scale assessing the ability to "bounce back" from stressors. Scores will be summed and higher scores indicate higher resilience.

Measure: Change from baseline resilience at 3 months.

Time: baseline to 3 months

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Description: All of Us Program COVID-19 COPE Survey contains items that are not scored on a summary scale, that include social distancing experiences, COVID-19 related symptoms, and COVID-19 related treatment. Descriptive statistics will be used to summarize participant's experiences.

Measure: Describe participant experience and health during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Time: Baseline

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Other Outcomes

Description: The Repeatable Neuropsychiatric Battery (RBANS) will be collected. The RBANS consists of 12 subtests that assess cognitive domains such as Immediate and Delayed Memory, Language, Attention, and Visuospatial/Construction and takes about 30 minutes to administer. A total RBANS sum of index scores will be computed by age.

Measure: Explore the feasibility of collecting cognitive performance data (processing speed, attention, and executive function) via teleconference.

Time: baseline and 3 months

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Primary Outcomes

Description: The NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery is a comprehensive set of neuro-behavioral measurements that quickly assess emotional functions. It consists of surveys in the domains of Negative Effect ,Psychological Well-Being, Stress & Self-Efficacy, and Social Relationships. It is based on a nationally representative sample to enable cross-measure comparisons, and is well-suited for measuring outcomes in longitudinal studies. Questions for each subitem are arranged on a likert scale with associated scores from 1-5. The overall score for each measure (at each time point) is calculated as the sum of scores for each question.

Measure: Change in Perceived Stress score - NIH Emotion Toolbox

Time: 4 weeks

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Description: The NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery is a comprehensive set of neuro-behavioral measurements that quickly assess emotional functions. It consists of surveys in the domains of Negative Effect ,Psychological Well-Being, Stress & Self-Efficacy, and Social Relationships. It is based on a nationally representative sample to enable cross-measure comparisons, and is well-suited for measuring outcomes in longitudinal studies. Questions for each subitem are arranged on a likert scale with associated scores from 1-5. The overall score for each measure (at each time point) is calculated as the sum of scores for each question.

Measure: Change in General Life Satisfaction score - NIH Emotion Toolbox

Time: 4 weeks

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Description: The NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery is a comprehensive set of neuro-behavioral measurements that quickly assess emotional functions. It consists of surveys in the domains of Negative Effect ,Psychological Well-Being, Stress & Self-Efficacy, and Social Relationships. It is based on a nationally representative sample to enable cross-measure comparisons, and is well-suited for measuring outcomes in longitudinal studies. Questions for each subitem are arranged on a likert scale with associated scores from 1-5. The overall score for each measure (at each time point) is calculated as the sum of scores for each question.

Measure: Change in Positive Affect score - NIH Emotion Toolbox

Time: 4 weeks

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Description: The NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery is a comprehensive set of neuro-behavioral measurements that quickly assess emotional functions. It consists of surveys in the domains of Negative Effect ,Psychological Well-Being, Stress & Self-Efficacy, and Social Relationships. It is based on a nationally representative sample to enable cross-measure comparisons, and is well-suited for measuring outcomes in longitudinal studies. Questions for each subitem are arranged on a likert scale with associated scores from 1-5. The overall score for each measure (at each time point) is calculated as the sum of scores for each question.

Measure: Change in Anger score - NIH Emotion Toolbox

Time: 4 weeks

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Description: The NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery is a comprehensive set of neuro-behavioral measurements that quickly assess emotional functions. It consists of surveys in the domains of Negative Effect ,Psychological Well-Being, Stress & Self-Efficacy, and Social Relationships. It is based on a nationally representative sample to enable cross-measure comparisons, and is well-suited for measuring outcomes in longitudinal studies. Questions for each subitem are arranged on a likert scale with associated scores from 1-5. The overall score for each measure (at each time point) is calculated as the sum of scores for each question.

Measure: Change in Fear score - NIH Emotion Toolbox

Time: 4 weeks

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Description: The NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery is a comprehensive set of neuro-behavioral measurements that quickly assess emotional functions. It consists of surveys in the domains of Negative Effect ,Psychological Well-Being, Stress & Self-Efficacy, and Social Relationships. It is based on a nationally representative sample to enable cross-measure comparisons, and is well-suited for measuring outcomes in longitudinal studies. Questions for each subitem are arranged on a likert scale with associated scores from 1-5. The overall score for each measure (at each time point) is calculated as the sum of scores for each question.

Measure: Change in Meaning & Purpose score - NIH Emotion Toolbox

Time: 4 weeks

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Description: The NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery is a comprehensive set of neuro-behavioral measurements that quickly assess emotional functions. It consists of surveys in the domains of Negative Effect ,Psychological Well-Being, Stress & Self-Efficacy, and Social Relationships. It is based on a nationally representative sample to enable cross-measure comparisons, and is well-suited for measuring outcomes in longitudinal studies. Questions for each subitem are arranged on a likert scale with associated scores from 1-5. The overall score for each measure (at each time point) is calculated as the sum of scores for each question.

Measure: Change in Sadness score - NIH Emotion Toolbox

Time: 4 weeks

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Description: The NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery is a comprehensive set of neuro-behavioral measurements that quickly assess emotional functions. It consists of surveys in the domains of Negative Effect ,Psychological Well-Being, Stress & Self-Efficacy, and Social Relationships. It is based on a nationally representative sample to enable cross-measure comparisons, and is well-suited for measuring outcomes in longitudinal studies. Questions for each subitem are arranged on a likert scale with associated scores from 1-5. The overall score for each measure (at each time point) is calculated as the sum of scores for each question.

Measure: Change in Emotional Support score - NIH Emotion Toolbox

Time: 4 weeks

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Description: The NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery is a comprehensive set of neuro-behavioral measurements that quickly assess emotional functions. It consists of surveys in the domains of Negative Effect ,Psychological Well-Being, Stress & Self-Efficacy, and Social Relationships. It is based on a nationally representative sample to enable cross-measure comparisons, and is well-suited for measuring outcomes in longitudinal studies. Questions for each subitem are arranged on a likert scale with associated scores from 1-5. The overall score for each measure (at each time point) is calculated as the sum of scores for each question.

Measure: Change in Loneliness score - NIH Emotion Toolbox

Time: 4 weeks

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Secondary Outcomes

Description: Resting-state EEG will be recorded

Measure: EEG - Change in power in the Delta band

Time: 4 weeks

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Description: Resting-state EEG will be recorded

Measure: EEG - Change in power in the Beta band

Time: 4 weeks

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Description: Resting-state EEG will be recorded

Measure: EEG - Change in power in the Alpha band

Time: 4 weeks

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Description: Resting-state EEG will be recorded

Measure: EEG - Change in power in the Theta band

Time: 4 weeks

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Primary Outcomes

Description: Maslach Burnout Inventory- Participants respond to each prompt 0-6, high score in first 2 sections, low score in third may indicate risk of burnout.

Measure: Burnout

Time: baseline

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Description: Maslach Burnout Inventory- Participants respond to each prompt 0-6, high score in first 2 sections, low score in third may indicate risk of burnout.

Measure: Burnout

Time: 1 month

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Description: Maslach Burnout Inventory- Participants respond to each prompt 0-6, high score in first 2 sections, low score in third may indicate risk of burnout.

Measure: Burnout

Time: 3 month

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Secondary Outcomes

Description: Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale- Participants respond to each prompt 0-5 x 25 items, low score indicates poor resilience.

Measure: Resilience

Time: baseline

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Description: Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale- Participants respond to each prompt 0-5 x 25 items, low score indicates poor resilience.

Measure: Resilience

Time: 1 month

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Description: Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale- Participants respond to each prompt 0-5 x 25 items, low score indicates poor resilience.

Measure: Resilience

Time: 3 months

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Description: AUDIT: Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test- Participants respond to 10 items with 0-4, higher score more concerning for alcohol use disorder.

Measure: Alcohol use

Time: baseline

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Description: AUDIT: Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test- Participants respond to 10 items with 0-4, higher score more concerning for alcohol use disorder.

Measure: Alcohol use

Time: 1 month

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Description: AUDIT: Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test- Participants respond to 10 items with 0-4, higher score more concerning for alcohol use disorder.

Measure: Alcohol use

Time: 3 months

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Description: PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire- Participants answer each prompt (not all all, some days, most days, nearly every day) higher numbers indicate greater depressive symptoms.

Measure: Depression

Time: baseline

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Description: PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire- Participants answer each prompt (not all all, some days, most days, nearly every day) higher numbers indicate greater depressive symptoms.

Measure: Depression

Time: 1 month

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Description: PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire- Participants answer each prompt (not all all, some days, most days, nearly every day) higher numbers indicate greater depressive symptoms.

Measure: Depression

Time: 3 months

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Description: PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index- Participant answers 19 questions in 7 sections, Seven sections are combined for global score of 0-21 where ) is no problems and 21 is problems in all areas.

Measure: Sleep Quality

Time: baseline

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Description: PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index- Participant answers 19 questions in 7 sections, Seven sections are combined for global score of 0-21 where ) is no problems and 21 is problems in all areas.

Measure: Sleep Quality

Time: 1 month

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Description: PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index- Participant answers 19 questions in 7 sections, Seven sections are combined for global score of 0-21 where ) is no problems and 21 is problems in all areas.

Measure: Sleep Quality

Time: 3 months

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Description: BSI18: Brief Symptom Inventory 18- Participants answer 18 questions on 0-4 scale. Higher numbers indicate more distress.

Measure: Distress

Time: baseline

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Description: BSI18: Brief Symptom Inventory 18

Measure: Distress

Time: 1 month

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Description: BSI18: Brief Symptom Inventory 18

Measure: Distress

Time: 3 months

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Description: GAD7: Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7- Participants answer 7 questions 0-3. Higher scores indicate greater anxiety,

Measure: Anxiety

Time: baseline

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Description: GAD7: Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7- Participants answer 7 questions 0-3. Higher scores indicate greater anxiety,

Measure: Anxiety

Time: 1 month

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Description: GAD7: Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7- Participants answer 7 questions 0-3. Higher scores indicate greater anxiety,

Measure: Anxiety

Time: 3 months

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Primary Outcomes

Description: Change in depression symptom severity as measured by CAT-MH Depression Inventory (DI) scores completed at baseline and every 4 weeks during the 24 weeks after randomization. Difference between MBCT-R arm and CHA-MW monitoring alone arm is primary outcome. Difference between iCBT arm and CHA-MW monitoring alone arm is secondary outcome. Difference between iCBT arm and MBCT-R is an exploratory outcome.

Measure: Depression Severity (CAT-DI)

Time: Baseline, Weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24

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Secondary Outcomes

Description: Rates of positive toxicology screens for illicit drugs or unprescribed controlled substances at 24 weeks. Rates of positive toxicology for illicit drug use or controlled substances (non prescribed) at week 24 is the secondary outcome.

Measure: Drug Use Rates

Time: Week 24

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Description: We will conduct an Alcohol Use History at Week 24. We will conduct 30-day alcohol and substance use history using the TimeLine Follow Back (TLFB) Method at Week 24 visit by telephone or video conference. Heavy Drinking Days in past 30 days is the secondary outcome.

Measure: Heavy Drinking Days

Time: Week 24

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Description: Number of mental health clinician televisits during 24 weeks

Measure: Televisits

Time: Randomization through Week 24

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Other Outcomes

Description: Participants report the frequency of emotions using a 5-point scale: 0 = none of the time, 1 = a little of the time, 2 = some of the time, 3 = most of the time, 4 = all of the time. The NA scale consists of 14 items: restless or fidgety, nervous, worthless, so sad nothing could cheer you up, everything is an effort, hopeless, lonely, afraid, jittery, irritable, ashamed, upset, angry, and frustrated. The PA scale consists of 13 items: in good spirits, cheerful, extremely happy, calm and peaceful, satisfied, full of life, close to others, like you belong, enthusiastic, attentive, proud, active, and confident. Daily NA and PA are calculated by averaging the items within each subscale, and then aggregating scores across interview days.

Measure: Positive and Negative Affect Reactivity Scales

Time: Weeks -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 9, 10, 11

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Description: The Daily Inventory of Stressful Events is used to assess whether each of 7 types of stressors occurred in the past 24 hours: argument, avoided an argument, stressor at work or school, stressor at home, discrimination, network stressor (i.e., stressful event that happened to a close friend or family member), and any other stressor. A day is categorized as a "stressor day" if the participant endorsed at least one stressor, or a "nonstressor day" if the participant indicated that no stressors occurred. Stressor frequency is defined as the percentage of interview days during which at least one stressor occurred. Salivary Cytokine Panels will be collected on two of these stressor and non stressor days respectively.

Measure: Daily Inventory of Stressful Events

Time: Weeks -4, -3, -2, -1, 9, 10, 11, 12

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Description: Difference between mean level of salivary Interleukin-6 during 2 low stressor and 2 high stressor days is exploratory outcome. Evening salivary passive drool samples (which assess TNF-a, IL-1b and IL-8 in addition to IL-6) will be collected 4 times during weeks -4-0 and 4 times during weeks 9-12 during diary collection. They will be primed with REDCAP branching logic activated by 2 multi-stressor (high) stressor days and 2 no stressor days. REDCAP will specifically tell them to select a color/letter coded sampling contained and they will collect that sample that evening. They will place samples immediately in the freezer.

Measure: Inflammatory Cytokines (IL-6, IL-1b, IL-8, TNF-a)

Time: Weeks -4, -3, -2, -1, 9, 10, 11, 12

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Description: A 15-item scale with content from six dimensions of experiential avoidance.

Measure: Brief Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire (BEAQ)

Time: Baseline, Weeks 4, 8, 12

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Description: The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation (DERS) Scale is a 36-item self-report scale designed to assess emotional dysregulation using a 5 point Likert scale. The scale assesses 6 aspects of emotional dysregulation: non-acceptance of emotional responses, difficulties engaging in goal directed behavior, impulse control difficulties, lack of emotional awareness, limited access to emotion regulation strategies, and lack of emotional clarity. Subscales are summed and a lower total score represents a better outcome. Individual subscales will also be assessed.

Measure: Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS)

Time: Baseline, Weeks 4, 8, 12

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Description: The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) (14 items) measures the degree to which situations in life are stressful. Items are designed to evaluate how overloaded, unpredictable, and uncontrollable one finds one's life. Each item is scored on a 5 point Likert scale from 0 (Never) to 4 (Very often).

Measure: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14)

Time: Baseline, Weeks 4, 8, 12, 24

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Description: The short-form Self-Compassion Scale (SCS-SF) is an abbreviated 12-item form of the original 26-item Self-Compassion Scale. The scale is scored on a 5 point Likert scale (1 = Almost never; 5 = Almost always), and negative subscale items are reverse scored.

Measure: Self-Compassion Scale Short Form (SCS-SF)

Time: Baseline, Weeks 4, 8, 12

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Description: The Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA-2) is a 37 item self-report scale designed to assess multiple aspects of interoception and interoceptive awareness. The scale assesses 8 aspects of interoceptive awareness: noticing, not-distracting, not-worrying, attention regulation, emotional awareness, self-regulation, body listening, and trusting. Subscales are summed and a higher total score represents a better outcome. Individual subscales will also be assessed, especially Body Listen, Body Trust, and Self-Regulation.

Measure: Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA-2)

Time: Baseline, Weeks 4, 8, 12

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Description: The adult self-report COVID-19 Responses to Stress Questionnaire is a 72-item survey. Responses are recorded on a 4-point Likert scale (1 = Not at All, 4 = Very/A lot). Items in the RSQ cover 5 factors of coping and stress responses: primary control engagement coping (i.e., problem solving, emotional expression, emotional modulation), secondary control engagement coping (i.e., positive thinking, cognitive restructuring, acceptance, distraction), disengagement coping (i.e., avoidance, denial, wishful thinking); involuntary engagement (e.g., physiological arousal, rumination), and involuntary disengagement (e.g., emotional numbing).

Measure: Responses to Stress Questionnaire - COVID -19 (RSQ-COVID-19) Stress coping style (disengagement, involuntary engagement)

Time: Baseline, Weeks 12, 24

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Description: This is a 20-item self-report measure of decentering and is conceptualized as a protective factor and capable of measuring resilience to depressive relapse. The EQ uses a 5-point Likert scale with responses from "never" to "all the time". A sample item from the decentering subscale is "I can observe unpleasant feelings without being drawn into them."

Measure: Experiences Questionnaire (EQ) (Rumination and Decentering)

Time: Baseline, Weeks 4, 8, 12

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Description: Computer Adaptive Testing for Mental Health (CAT-MH) interviews are diagnostic interviews designed to be completed online using a computer, tablet or phone. Items from each of the modules for depression (CAT-DI), anxiety (ANX-CAT), mania and hypomania (M/HM-CAT), PTSD (PTSD-CAT), psychosis (PSY-S-CAT), suicidality (SS-CAT), and substance abuse (SUD-CAT) are chosen from large item banks based on multidimensional item response theory, adapting each item presented to the individual's severity so that different individuals are tested with different items depending on their severity level.

Measure: Computerized Adaptive Testing for Mental Health (CAT-MH) Interviews

Time: Screening, Baseline, Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24

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Description: The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) is a 21-item self-report scale designed to assess depression severity over the past 2 weeks with well-established internal consistency, reliability and validity.

Measure: Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II)

Time: Baseline

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Description: Rank Desire for each intervention option will be assessed at baseline.

Measure: Rank Desire

Time: Baseline

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Description: Credibility/Expectancy for the assigned option will be assessed at Week 2. Treatment expectancy and credibility for each arm will be assessed with the 4-item Credibility/ Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ)

Measure: Credibility and Expectancy

Time: Week 2

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Description: The COVID-19 Fear scale is a 7-item questionnaire recorded on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Strongly Disagree to 5 = Strongly Agree). Responses to scale items were found to positively correlate with perceived vulnerability, hospital anxiety, and depression. Sample questions include "I am most afraid of coronavirus-19," and "It makes me uncomfortable to think about coronavirus-19."

Measure: COVID-19 Fear

Time: Baseline, Week 12

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Description: Participants will be asked to self-report on REDCap.

Measure: COVID-19 status (self-report)

Time: Week 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24

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Description: Participants will be asked to complete a salivary sample to assess COVID-19 status. COVID-19 IgG samples: Antibodies for COVID-19 will be sampled at week 12 among all participants to establish whether they were exposed to COVID-19 during the study. They will place samples immediately in the freezer.

Measure: COVID-19 status (salivary IgG)

Time: Week 12

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Description: The UCI Oral Health Questionnaire is an 12-item survey that asks sociodemographic questions, questions about oral and physical health, as well as additional oral health questions drawn from the WHO Oral Health Survey. The questionnaire includes basic questions about dental health characteristics of participants to be used as an exclusion criteria for the salivary collection portion of the study and to track changes in oral health that might impact salivary data collection.

Measure: UCI Oral Health Questionnaire

Time: Screening and at Week 12

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Description: The Home Skills Use Diary will be completed for the 8 weeks during the intervention period and will come in two types (1: weekly mindfulness practice and resource use diary for the MBCT-R group and 2: General CBT coping skills use diary card for both the iCBT and CHA MindWell arms).

Measure: Home Skills Use Diary

Time: Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8

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Description: The Adverse Event Patient Participant Self-Report Form will be systematically assessed at assessment timepoints (baseline, 4-weeks, 8-weeks, 12-weeks, 16-weeks, 20-weeks and 24-weeks). In addition, group leaders and research coordinators will be trained to identify and report any adverse events that occur or are reported during weekly group visits.

Measure: Adverse Event Patient Participant Self-Report Form

Time: Baseline, Weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24

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Primary Outcomes

Description: Participants will be asked to self-report if tobacco use has changed during the pandemic via a 5-point likert. Options range from increased a lot to decreased a lot. If participants indicate their tobacco use has changed, they will be asked to identify the primary reason for this change. Changes in tobacco use will be re-assessed at each time point.

Measure: Changes in Tobacco Use

Time: Baseline, Mid-point (4-weeks), Post-intervention (8-weeks), 3-month Follow Up

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Description: Past year alcohol consumption will be assessed through the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). Scores on the AUDIT range from 0 to 40; a score over 8 is indicative of problematic or hazardous alcohol use. Changes in alcohol consumption since the beginning of the pandemic will be identified through a 5-point likert. Changes in alcohol use will be re-assessed at each time point.

Measure: Changes in Alcohol Use

Time: Baseline, Mid-point (4-weeks), Post-intervention (8-weeks), 3-month Follow Up

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Description: Past year drug use will be assessed through the Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT). Possible scores on the DUDIT range from 0 to 44; scores greater than 2 or 6 are indicative of risky or harmful drug habits for women and men, respectively. A score of 25 or more suggests the individual is probably heavily dependent on drugs. Participants will also be asked to identify which drugs they currently use, the main reasons for using drugs, and whether their drug use has changed during the pandemic. Changes in drug use will be re-assessed at each time point.

Measure: Changes in Drug Use

Time: Baseline, Mid-point (4-weeks), Post-intervention (8-weeks), 3-month Follow Up

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Description: Gambling will be assessed via the 9-item Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI). The items are measured on a 5-point likert with frequencies from "less than once a month" to "daily or almost daily". A cut-score ≥5 will be used (lower scores indicative of non-problem gambling); the PGSI has a high internal consistency (α = 0.86) and is considered the measure of choice for non-clinical use.

Measure: Changes in Gambling

Time: Baseline, Mid-point (4-weeks), Post-intervention (8-weeks), 3-month Follow Up

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Description: A revised version of the Primary Care - Post Traumatic Stress Disorder - 5 (PC-PTSD-5) scale will be assessed to determine experiences of trauma in relation to COVID-19. The scale was revised to specifically ask about COVID-19. Scores range from 0 (no risk) to 5 (high risk). A cut-score of 3 will be used to differentiate high- and low-risk scores. The PC-PTSD has good sensitivity (r = 0.78) and sensitivity (r = 0.87).

Measure: Changes in Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms

Time: Baseline, Mid-point (4-weeks), Post-intervention (8-weeks), 3-month Follow Up

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Description: Depression will be screened using the 10-item Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-10). The CES-D-10 is a short self-report scale to measure depressive symptoms in a general population. Psychometric evaluation has shown the CES-D-10 to have high internal consistency, though with variability across populations (Cronbach's α = 0.71 to 0.90) and good construct validity (r = 0.78).

Measure: Changes in Depression Symptoms

Time: Baseline, Mid-point (4-weeks), Post-intervention (8-weeks), 3-month Follow Up

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Description: The 6-item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-6) will be used to measure anxiety reflective of both adverse situations (state anxiety) and personality traits associated with higher levels of anxiety (trait anxiety). STAI-6 produces scores like its longer 20-item version, showing good reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.82) with sensitivity to differing degrees of anxiety. Possible scores range from 20 to 80; "normal scores" range from 34 to 36. Higher scores represent higher amount of anxiety.

Measure: Changes in Anxiety Symptoms

Time: Baseline, Mid-point (4-weeks), Post-intervention (8-weeks), 3-month Follow Up

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Secondary Outcomes

Description: Changes in eating behaviours will be assessed by questions asking if food consumption and unhealthy food consumption have changed since the onset of the pandemic via a 5-point likert scale (increased a lot to decreased a lot). If participants indicate they have changed their food consumption, a qualitative question will ask them to describe why they think their behaviour has changed.

Measure: Changes in Eating Behaviour

Time: Baseline, Mid-point (4-weeks), Post-intervention (8-weeks), 3-month Follow Up

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Description: Participants will be asked to rate how the quantity and quality of their sleep has changed since the pandemic started via 5-point likert scales (increased a lot to decreased a lot).

Measure: Changes in Sleeping Behaviour

Time: Baseline, Mid-point (4-weeks), Post-intervention (8-weeks), 3-month Follow Up

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Description: Physical activity will be assessed through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form. The questionnaire asks about frequency and duration of vigorous (VPA) and moderate physical activity (MPA) over the past 7 days. Weekly Metabolic Equivalents (MET) minutes will be calculated based on responses. Participants will be categorized into high (>1500 MET min/week with 3+ days of VPA or >3000 METmin/week with 7+ days of MVPA); medium (5+ days of 20+ minutes of VPA per day, 5+ days with 30+ minutes of MPA per day, or 5+ days of MVPA that achieves 600+ MET min/week); low (participant does not meet other cut points). Frequency and duration of walking and sitting time are also assessed. The IPAQ has good reliability and criterion validity. Participants will also be asked if their PA and sedentary behaviour levels have changed during the pandemic (5-point likert; options: increased a lot to decreased a lot).

Measure: Changes in Physical Activity

Time: Baseline, Mid-point (4-weeks), Post-intervention (8-weeks), 3-month Follow Up

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Description: The 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC 10) is a widely used measure to assess self-perceived resilience. Evaluations of the CD-RISC 10 have shown good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.85), a strong positive association with the longer 25-item CD-RISC (r = 0.92). Scores range from 0 to 40; a higher score is indicative of higher resilience.

Measure: Changes in Resilience

Time: Baseline, Mid-point (4-weeks), Post-intervention (8-weeks), 3-month Follow Up

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Description: Self-esteem will be measured using the 10-item Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale. The scale is a widely used measure that correlates well with other measures of self-esteem and has strong internal consistency (0.92) and test-retest reliability (0.88). Scores range from 4 to 40; a higher score indicates higher self esteem. Participants will also be asked how their self-esteem has changed since the beginning of the pandemic.

Measure: Changes in Self-Esteem

Time: Baseline, Mid-point (4-weeks), Post-intervention (8-weeks), 3-month Follow Up

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Description: Loneliness will be evaluated using a shortened (3 item) version of the UCLA Loneliness Scale. This scale asks about feelings of companionship, being left out, and being isolated from others in the last month, with a 3-item list of answer options (hardly ever, some of the time, often). This scale has good reliability (r = 0.73), validity, and internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.84-0.94). The scale also showed convergent validity with other commonly used measures of loneliness. Scores range from 1 to 9; higher scores indicate higher levels of loneliness.

Measure: Changes in Loneliness

Time: Baseline, Mid-point (4-weeks), Post-intervention (8-weeks), 3-month Follow Up

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Description: The Brief Dissociative Experiences Scale is an 8-item tool that assesses the severity of dissociative experiences in adults. The scale items are summed and averaged to describe the severity of dissociative experiences as none (0), mild (1), moderate (2), severe (3), or extreme (4). The brief scale was found to be reliable, easy to use, and clinically useful in the DSM-5 Field Trials. Scores range from 0 to 32; a higher score indicates a greater severity of dissociative experiences.

Measure: Changes in Dissociative Experiences

Time: Baseline, Mid-point (4-weeks), Post-intervention (8-weeks), 3-month Follow Up

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Other Outcomes

Description: Coping strategies and perceived ability to cope during the pandemic will be assessed through four self-reported questions. Participants will be asked how well they are coping with the pandemic on a 5-point likert, options will range from 'excellent' to 'poor'. Participants will be asked to identify things that are helping them to cope from a list of 18 items. Current life satisfaction will be assessed with a single question with options ranging from "very satisfied" to "very dissatisfied". Participants will also be asked to identify up to 3 things they wish they could change right now in their life.

Measure: Changes in Coping Strategies

Time: Baseline, Mid-point (4-weeks), Post-intervention (8-weeks), 3-month Follow Up

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Description: Participants will be asked to self-report feelings of belonging to their local and work communities. They will also be asked to self-report changes to the quality or stress associated with their romantic relationships and the presence of abuse.

Measure: Changes in Relationships and Belonging

Time: Baseline, Mid-point (4-weeks), Post-intervention (8-weeks), 3-month Follow Up

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