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D015163: Superinfection

Developed by Shray Alag, The Harker School
Sections: Correlations, Clinical Trials, and HPO

Correlations computed by analyzing all clinical trials.

Navigate: Clinical Trials and HPO


Correlated Drug Terms (1)


Name (Synonyms) Correlation
drug1521 Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) Wiki 0.45

Correlated MeSH Terms (5)


Name (Synonyms) Correlation
D012141 Respiratory Tract Infections NIH 0.18
D003141 Communicable Diseases NIH 0.08
D007239 Infection NIH 0.05
Name (Synonyms) Correlation
D045169 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome NIH 0.04
D018352 Coronavirus Infections NIH 0.04

Correlated HPO Terms (0)


Name (Synonyms) Correlation

Clinical Trials

Navigate: Correlations   HPO

There is one clinical trial.


1 A Prospective Analysis of the Quality and Quantity of Antibiotic Prescriptions for Bacterial Respiratory Tract Superinfection in Patients Hospitalized in COVID-19 Wards of a Tertiary University Hospital During the COVID-19 Pandemic

In this prospective observational study, a quantitative and qualitative analysis of antibiotic prescriptions for presumed respiratory tract (super)infection in patients hospitalized on COVID-19 wards will be made. Drivers of antibiotic prescription for presumed respiratory tract infection in patients suspected of being infected with COVID-19 or with definite COVID-19 infections will be identified.

NCT04544072
Conditions
  1. SARS-CoV Infection
  2. Antimicrobial Stewardship
  3. Respiratory Tract Infections
  4. Antibiotic Resistance
MeSH:Infection Communicable Diseases Respiratory Tract Infections Superinfection Coronavirus Infections Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
HPO:Respiratory tract infection

Primary Outcomes

Description: The total antibiotic use, expressed as Daily Defined Doses (DDD) of antibiotics in grams. This will be aggregated with the amount of hospitalizations to arrive at one reported value: DDD/hospitalization (expressed as grams/hospitalization), for every antibiotic and antibiotic formulation (IV or PO) separately but also for all prescribed antibiotics in general.

Measure: Total antimicrobial consumption for suspicion of secondary bacterial respiratory infections in hospitalized patients in COVID wards with a clinical or PCR-based COVID diagnosis, expressed as 'Daily defined doses/hospitalization'.

Time: 7 months

Description: The total antibiotic use, expressed as Daily Defined Doses (DDD) in grams. This will be aggregated with the total amount of hospitalized patient days to arrive at one reported value: DDD/1000 hospitalization patient days (expressed as grams/1000 hospitalization days), for every antibiotic and antibiotic formulation (IV or PO) separately but also for all prescribed antibiotics in general. 1000 hospitalised patient days for every antibiotic and antibiotic formulation (IV or PO) separately but also for all prescribed antibiotics in general.

Measure: Total antimicrobial consumption for suspicion of secondary bacterial respiratory infections in hospitalized patients in COVID wards with a clinical or PCR-based COVID diagnosis, expressed as 'Daily defined doses/1000 hospitalized patient days'.

Time: 7 months

Description: The total antibiotic use, expressed as Daily Doses of Administration (DDA) of antibiotics in grams. This will be aggregated with the amount of hospitalizations to arrive at one reported value: DDA/hospitalization (expressed as grams/hospitalization), for every antibiotic and antibiotic formulation (IV or PO) separately but also for all prescribed antibiotics in general.

Measure: Total antimicrobial consumption for suspicion of secondary bacterial respiratory infections in hospitalized patients in COVID wards with a clinical or PCR-based COVID diagnosis, expressed as 'Daily doses of administration/hospitalization'.

Time: 7 months

Description: The total antibiotic use, expressed as Daily Doses of Administration (DDA) in grams. This will be aggregated with the total amount of hospitalized patient days to arrive at one reported value: DDA/1000 hospitalization patient days (expressed as grams/1000 hospitalization days), for every antibiotic and antibiotic formulation (IV or PO) separately but also for all prescribed antibiotics in general.

Measure: Total antimicrobial consumption for suspicion of secondary bacterial respiratory infections in hospitalized patients in COVID wards, expressed as 'Daily doses of administration (DDA)/1000 hospitalized patient days'.

Time: 7 months

Secondary Outcomes

Description: The degree of appropriateness for each antibiotic (AB) formulation separately but also for all prescribed antibiotics in general, with distinction between 'Appropriate', 'Unnecessary', 'inappropriate' and 'suboptimal' AB choice. Results will be expressed as DDD or DDA of appropriate AB/1000 patient days, DDD or DDA of unnecessary AB/1000 patient days, DDD or DDA of inappropriate AB/1000 patient days and DDD or DDA of suboptimal AB/1000 patient days. Used units: g/1000 hospitalized patients days

Measure: The degree of appropriateness of antimicrobial prescriptions for presumed respiratory tract (super)infection

Time: 7 months

Description: The degree of appropriateness for each antibiotic (AB) formulation separately but also for all prescribed antibiotics in general, with distinction between 'Appropriate', 'Unnecessary', 'inappropriate' and 'suboptimal' AB choice. Results will be expressed as DDD or DDA of appropriate AB/hospitalization, DDD or DDA of unnecessary AB/hospitalization, DDD or DDA of inappropriate AB/hospitalization and DDD or DDA of suboptimal AB/hospitalization. Used units: g/hospitalization

Measure: The degree of appropriateness of antimicrobial prescriptions for presumed respiratory tract (super)infection, denominator 2

Time: 7 months

Description: The number of C. Difficile infections in the inpatient setting

Measure: Rate of Clostridioides Difficile infections

Time: 7 months

Description: median or mean age (number) , comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Measure: Is there a significant difference in age comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: median or mean weight (kg), comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Measure: Is there a significant difference in weight comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: rate of comorbidities expressed as mean Charlson Comorbidity Index score, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics

Measure: significant difference in amount of comorbidities comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: rate of chronical pulmonary disease, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics

Measure: significant difference in rate of chronical pulmonary disease as a comorbidity, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: rate of haematological or solid neoplasia, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics

Measure: significant difference in rate of haematological or solid neoplasia as a comorbidity, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: rate of diabetes mellitus, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics

Measure: significant difference in rate of diabetes mellitus as a comorbidity, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: rate of patients with fever (t°>38°c), dyspnea, cough, runny nose, throat pain, thoracic pain, myalgia, fatigue, anosmia, confusion at admission, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Measure: significant difference in rate of patients with presence or not of at least one suggestive symptom of COVID-19 symptomatology, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: rate of patients rate of patients having received an antibiotic prescription for a suspicion of respiratory tract infection during the 3 weeks before hospitalization, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 surinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Measure: significant difference in rate of patients with recent AB prescription, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: rate of patients with significant positive respiratory cultures, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Measure: Is there a significant difference in the rate of patients having had at least one positive significant respiratory germ culture, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: rate of patients with oxygen suppletion need, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Measure: Is there a significant difference in the rate of patients needing oxygen supletion at day 1 of hospitalization, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: mean duration of hospitalization on a COVID-ward, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Measure: significant difference in the mean duration of hospitalization, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: rate of ICU admission, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Measure: significant difference in the rate of ICU admission, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: mean SatO2/FiO2 ratio (number ranging from 50-500), comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Measure: Is there a significant difference in the mean value of oxygen saturation percentage over fractional oxygen percentage, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: mean/median qSOFA score at admission, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Measure: Is there a significant difference in qSOFA score level at admission, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: Rate of lymphopenia (<1250/mcl), comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Measure: Is there a significant difference in the rate of lymphopenia, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: mean CRP values (mg/dl) at day 1 of hospitalization, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics

Measure: significant difference in the mean value of C-reactive protein measured at day 1 of hospitalization on a COVID-ward ,comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: mean WBC count (/mcl) values at day 1 of hospitalization, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics

Measure: significant difference in the mean value of white blood cell count measured at day 1 of hospitalization on a COVID-ward ,comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: mean neutrophil count (/mcl) values at day 1 of hospitalization, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics

Measure: significant difference in the mean value of neutrophil count measured at day 1 of hospitalization on a COVID-ward ,comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: mean lymphocyte count (/mcl) values at day 1 of hospitalization, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 surinfection and the group without antibiotics

Measure: significant difference in the mean value of lymphocyte count measured at day 1 of hospitalization on a COVID-ward ,comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: mean creatinine (mg/dl) values at day 1 of hospitalization, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics

Measure: significant difference in the mean value of creatinine measured at day 1 of hospitalization on a COVID-ward ,comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: mean LDH (U/L) values at day 1 of hospitalization, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics

Measure: significant difference in the mean value of LDH measured at day 1 of hospitalization on a COVID-ward ,comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: mean bilirubin (mg/dl) values at day 1 of hospitalization, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics

Measure: significant difference in the mean value of bilirubin measured at day 1 of hospitalization on a COVID-ward ,comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: mean ferritin (mcg/l) values, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics

Measure: significant difference in the mean value of ferritin (first value during hospitalization),comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: mean troponin (mcg/l) values, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics

Measure: significant difference in the mean value of troponins (first value during hospitalization),comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

Description: mean D-dimer (ng/ml) values, comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics

Measure: significant difference in the mean value of D-dimers (first value during hospitalization),comparing the group receiving antibiotics for a suspicion of COVID-19 superinfection and the group without antibiotics?

Time: 7 months

HPO Nodes


HPO

Alphabetical listing of all HPO terms. Navigate: Correlations   Clinical Trials


HPO Nodes


Reports

Data processed on September 26, 2020.

An HTML report was created for each of the unique drugs, MeSH, and HPO terms associated with COVID-19 clinical trials. Each report contains a list of either the drug, the MeSH terms, or the HPO terms. All of the terms in a category are displayed on the left-hand side of the report to enable easy navigation, and the reports contain a list of correlated drugs, MeSH, and HPO terms. Further, all reports contain the details of the clinical trials in which the term is referenced. Every clinical trial report shows the mapped HPO and MeSH terms, which are also hyperlinked. Related HPO terms, with their associated genes, protein mutations, and SNPs are also referenced in the report.

Drug Reports   MeSH Reports   HPO Reports  

Interventions

4,180 reports on interventions/drugs

MeSH

691 reports on MeSH terms

HPO

263 reports on HPO terms

All Terms

Alphabetical index of all Terms

Google Colab

Python example via Google Colab Notebook