Developed by Shray Alag, The Harker School
Sections: Correlations,
Clinical Trials, and HPO
Navigate: Clinical Trials and HPO
| Name (Synonyms) | Correlation |
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Navigate: Correlations HPO
There is one clinical trial.
This research aims to investigate how exposure to advertising for Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (commonly called e-cigarettes) may lead to combustible smoking initiation in adolescents.
Description: Scores are measured by recording the amount of time (reaction time) it takes to categorize smoking-related words with positive (e.g., cool) and negative (e.g., cancer) words. Faster reaction times when categorizing smoking-related words with positive words is evidence of higher positive smoking expectancies.
Measure: change in baseline in implicit positive smoking expectancies, measured by the implicit association test Time: baseline, within 5 minutes post interventionDescription: Eye-tracking will be used to measure the amount of time spent looking at static smoking cues in screen shots taken from e-cigarette advertisements. The amount time spent looking at a smoking cue is a measure how much attention was given to the smoking cue. The longer the looking time, the greater amount of attention.
Measure: Amount of time spent looking at static smoking cues in e-cigarette advertisements Time: approximately 30 minutes post interventionDescription: Scores are measured on a 7-item scale. Positive smoking expectancies will be assessed using the following questions that follow the lead-in, "Please tell me how you feel about the following statements." "I think I would enjoy smoking"; "I think smoking would give me something to do when I'm bored"; "I think smoking would help me deal with problems or stress"; "I think smoking would help me stay thin"; "I think smoking would help me to feel more comfortable at parties"; "I think smoking would be relaxing"; and "I think smoking would make me look older." Responses are yes/no. Responses are coded as "1" for yes and "0" for no. Responses are then summed for a maximum positive smoking expectancy score out of 7. Higher scores mean higher positive smoking expectancies.
Measure: 7-item explicit positive smoking expectancies scale Time: approximately 30 minutes post interventionDescription: This 11-item scale assess social normative beliefs about smoking related to 1) perceived disapproval from family/friends, 2) perceived popularity among successful/elite, and 3) perceived prevalence. Disapproval scale questions are answered using a 4-point Likert scale (1 = Strongly disagree; 4 = Strongly agree). A total disapproval score (ranging from 1 to 4) is calculated by averaging responses to each question. Higher values indicate a higher disapproval score. Popularity scale questions are answered using a 4-point Likert scale (1 = Strongly disagree; 4 = Strongly agree). A total popularity score (ranging from 1 to 4) is calculated by averaging responses to each question. Higher values indicate a higher popularity score. Prevalence scale questions are answered using a percent scale from 0 - 100% in 10% increments. A total prevalence scale (from 0 to 100) is calculated by averaging the responses to each question. Higher values indicate a higher prevalence score.
Measure: 11-item scale that measures social normative beliefs about smoking Time: approximately 30 minutes post interventionDescription: This 3-item instrument is used to predict which never smokers are likely to start smoking by measuring their curiosity to use tobacco products. Item responses are on a 4-point Likert scale (definitely yes, probably yes, probably not, definitely not). To classify a respondent as not susceptible to smoking, the respondent must indicate "definitely not" to all four items. Any other response to any item classifies a respondent as "susceptible."
Measure: A 3-item scale that measures adolescent smoking susceptibility Time: approximately 30 minutes post interventionDescription: Eye-tracking will be used to measure the total amount of time spent looking in realtime at smoking cues in TV commercials for e-cigarettes. The amount of time looking at smoking cues will be a measure of the amount of attention given to smoking cues. The longer the amount of time spent looking at smoking cues indicates that a greater amount of attention was given to the smoking cues.
Measure: Amount of time looking at dynamic smoking cues in e-cigarette advertisements Time: During the intervention, approximately 15 minutes post baselineDescription: Character Attributes will be collected using a scale that measures participants beliefs about character attributes using the lead in: "I think [Character Name] is: " using a 5-point Likert (1 = strongly disagree; 5 = strongly agree). There is a total of 6 attributes assessed: 1) smart (smart, intelligent, stupid), 2) successful (successful, achieves goals, gets what he/she wants), 3) attractive (physically attractive, ugly, good-looking), 4) funny (funny, humorous, makes me laugh), 5) respected (respected by others, receives approval, criticized by others), and 6) popular (has lots of friends, well liked, gets support from others). A total score (form 1 to 5) for each scale is calculated by averaging responses for each question within that scale. For each scale, a higher total score indicates higher beliefs about that attribute.
Measure: 18-item scale that measures character attributes of actors that appeared in the commercials Time: approximately 30 minutes post interventionDescription: This 5-item is scale is used to quantify how much a participant would like to be like an actor appearing in a commercial. Questions are rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Strongly Disagree; 5 = Strongly agree). A total identification score (from 1 to 25) is calculated by summing the responses to each question. A higher total score indicates a higher level of wishful identification.
Measure: 5-item scale that measure how much participants wish to be like the actors appearing in the commercials. Time: approximately 30 minutes post interventionDescription: This 13-item scale measures risk perceptions associated with cigarette use. Questions are answered using a sliding percent scale from 0 - 100% in 10% increments. A risk perception scale is calculated (from 0 to 100) by averaging the responses to each question. Higher values indicate a higher risk perception.
Measure: 13-item scale to measure risk perception about cigarette use Time: approximately 30 minutes post interventionDescription: This 13-item scale measures risk perceptions associated with e-cigarette use. Questions are answered using a sliding percent scale from 0 - 100% in 10% increments. A risk perception scale is calculated (from 0 to 100) by averaging the responses to each question. Higher values indicate a higher risk perception.
Measure: 13-item scale to Measure risk perception about e-cigarette use Time: approximately 30 minutes post interventionAlphabetical listing of all HPO terms. Navigate: Correlations Clinical Trials
Data processed on September 26, 2020.
An HTML report was created for each of the unique drugs, MeSH, and HPO terms associated with COVID-19 clinical trials. Each report contains a list of either the drug, the MeSH terms, or the HPO terms. All of the terms in a category are displayed on the left-hand side of the report to enable easy navigation, and the reports contain a list of correlated drugs, MeSH, and HPO terms. Further, all reports contain the details of the clinical trials in which the term is referenced. Every clinical trial report shows the mapped HPO and MeSH terms, which are also hyperlinked. Related HPO terms, with their associated genes, protein mutations, and SNPs are also referenced in the report.
Drug Reports MeSH Reports HPO Reports