CovidResearchTrials by Shray Alag


CovidResearchTrials Covid 19 Research using Clinical Trials (Home Page)


Vitamin CWiki

Developed by Shray Alag
Clinical Trial MeSH HPO Drug Gene SNP Protein Mutation


Correlated Drug Terms (47)


Name (Synonyms) Correlation
drug2715 Zinc Wiki 0.49
drug1425 Macrolide administered for up to 14 days Wiki 0.30
drug2661 Vitamin B12 Wiki 0.30
drug1018 Guided online support program Wiki 0.30
drug1227 Interferon-β1a Wiki 0.30
drug1424 Macrolide administered for 3-5 days Wiki 0.30
drug949 Fixed-duration Hydrocortisone Wiki 0.30
drug1932 Protocolised mechanical ventilation strategy Wiki 0.30
drug1015 Group1 Wiki 0.30
drug1975 Quercetin Wiki 0.30
drug2254 Shock-dependent hydrocortisone Wiki 0.30
drug1275 Ivermectin 3Mg Tab Wiki 0.30
drug1092 Hydroxychloroquine + lopinavir/ritonavir Wiki 0.30
drug650 Convalescent Plasma 1 Unit Wiki 0.30
drug2771 bromelain Wiki 0.30
drug2010 RT PCR SARS-CoV-2 Wiki 0.30
drug1820 Piperacillin-tazobactam Wiki 0.30
drug156 Amoxicillin-clavulanate Wiki 0.30
drug2717 Zinc Citrate Wiki 0.30
drug950 Fixed-duration higher dose Hydrocortisone Wiki 0.30
drug532 Ceftriaxone Wiki 0.30
drug1317 LY3832479 Wiki 0.30
drug651 Convalescent Plasma 2 Units Wiki 0.30
drug946 Five-days oseltamivir Wiki 0.30
drug1523 Moxifloxacin or Levofloxacin Wiki 0.30
drug2676 WHO recommendations (waiting condition) Wiki 0.30
drug531 Ceftaroline Wiki 0.30
drug826 Educational outreach Wiki 0.30
drug244 Audit and Feedback Wiki 0.30
drug1712 Oxidative Stress ELISA Kit Wiki 0.30
drug2472 Ten-days oseltamivir Wiki 0.30
drug636 Control Wiki 0.23
drug2663 Vitamin D Wiki 0.23
drug2499 Therapeutic anticoagulation Wiki 0.21
drug2263 Simvastatin Wiki 0.21
drug1115 Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate Tablets Wiki 0.21
drug1086 Hydroxychloroquine Wiki 0.18
drug1883 Povidone-Iodine Wiki 0.15
drug2664 Vitamin D3 Wiki 0.15
drug2197 Sarilumab Wiki 0.13
drug159 Anakinra Wiki 0.11
drug262 Azithromycin Wiki 0.10
drug1372 Lopinavir/ritonavir Wiki 0.10
drug658 Convalescent plasma Wiki 0.08
drug2319 Standard of Care Wiki 0.06
drug2527 Tocilizumab Wiki 0.06
drug1822 Placebo Wiki 0.02

Correlated MeSH Terms (10)


Name (Synonyms) Correlation
D001988 Bronchiolitis NIH 0.30
D012327 RNA Virus Infections NIH 0.15
D011248 Pregnancy Complications NIH 0.12
D003141 Communicable Diseases NIH 0.10
D045169 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome NIH 0.09
D018352 Coronavirus Infections NIH 0.09
D018450 Disease Progression NIH 0.08
D007239 Infection NIH 0.07
D014777 Virus Diseases NIH 0.04
D011014 Pneumonia NIH 0.04

Correlated HPO Terms (2)


Name (Synonyms) Correlation
HP:0011950 Bronchiolitis HPO 0.30
HP:0002090 Pneumonia HPO 0.04

There are 11 clinical trials

Clinical Trials


1 Randomized, Embedded, Multifactorial Adaptive Platform Trial for Community- Acquired Pneumonia

REMAP-CAP is a randomised, embedded, multifactorial, adaptive platform trial for community-acquired pneumonia. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of a range of interventions to improve outcome of patients admitted to intensive care with community-acquired pneumonia. In addition, REMAP-CAP provides and adaptive research platform for evaluation of multiple treatment modalities in the event of a respiratory pandemic resulting in critical illness. REMAP-COVID is a sub-platform of REMAP-CAP that evaluates treatments specific to COVID-19.

NCT02735707 Community-acquired Pneumonia, Influenza, COVID-19 Drug: Fixed-duration Hydrocortisone Drug: Shock-dependent hydrocortisone Drug: Ceftriaxone Drug: Moxifloxacin or Levofloxacin Drug: Piperacillin-tazobactam Drug: Ceftaroline Drug: Amoxicillin-clavulanate Drug: Macrolide administered for 3-5 days Drug: Macrolide administered for up to 14 days Drug: Five-days oseltamivir Drug: Ten-days oseltamivir Drug: Lopinavir/ritonavir Drug: Hydroxychloroquine Drug: Hydroxychloroquine + lopinavir/ritonavir Drug: Interferon-β1a Drug: Anakinra Drug: Fixed-duration higher dose Hydrocortisone Drug: Tocilizumab Drug: Sarilumab Drug: Vitamin C Drug: Therapeutic anticoagulation Drug: Simvastatin Drug: Convalescent plasma Other: Protocolised mechanical ventilation strategy
MeSH:Pneumonia
HPO:Pneumonia

Primary Outcomes

Measure: All-cause mortality

Time: Day 90

Description: Primary end-point for patients with suspected or proven COVID-19 pandemic infection

Measure: Days alive and not receiving organ support in ICU

Time: Day 21

Secondary Outcomes

Measure: ICU Mortality

Time: Day 90

Measure: ICU length of stay

Time: Day 90

Measure: Hospital length of stay

Time: Day 90

Measure: Ventilator free days

Time: Day 28

Measure: Organ failure free days

Time: Day 28

Measure: All-cause mortality

Time: 6 months

Description: EQ5D-5L and WHODAS 2.0 (not completed in all regions)

Measure: Health-related Quality of life assessment

Time: 6 months

Measure: Proportion of intubated patients who receive a tracheostomy

Time: Day 28

Description: Characterised as home, rehabilitation hospital, nursing home or long-term care facility, or another acute hospital

Measure: Destination at time of hospital discharge

Time: Free text Day 90

Measure: Readmission to the index ICU during the index hospitalization

Time: Day 90

Measure: World Health Organisation 8-point ordinal scale outcome

Time: Hospital discharge

Other Outcomes

Description: Antibiotic Domain specific outcome

Measure: Occurrence of multi-resistant organism colonisation/infection

Time: Day 90, censored at hospital discharge

Description: Antibiotic Domain specific outcome

Measure: Occurrence clostridium difficile

Time: Day 90, censored at hospital discharge

Description: Macrolide Duration domain specific outcome, and COVID-19 Antiviral Domain specific outcome.

Measure: Occurrence of serious ventricular arrhythmia (including ventricular fibrillation) or sudden unexpected death

Time: Day 90, censored at hospital discharge

Description: Antiviral Domain specific outcome. Only required at selected sites.

Measure: Change from baseline influenza virus levels in upper and lower respiratory tract specimens

Time: Day 3, up to Day 7

Description: COVID-19 Antiviral Domain and COVID-19 Immune Modulation Domain specific endpoint

Measure: Serial detection of SARS-CoV-2 in upper or lower respiratory tract specimens (using only specimens collected for routine clinical testing)

Time: Day 90, censored at hospital discharge

2 Lessening Organ Dysfunction With VITamin C (LOVIT)

LOVIT is a multicentre concealed-allocation parallel-group blinded randomized controlled trial to ascertain the effect of high-dose intravenous vitamin C compared to placebo on mortality or persistent organ dysfunction at 28 days in septic intensive care unit patients. Patients with COVID-19 are considered eligible for this study.

NCT03680274 Sepsis Vitamin C Intensive Care Unit COVID-19 Pandemic Coronavirus Drug: Vitamin C Other: Control
MeSH:Coronavirus Infections

Primary Outcomes

Description: Defined as death or dependency on mechanical ventilation, renal replacement, or vasopressors

Measure: Number of deceased participants or with persistent organ dysfunction

Time: Both assessed at 28 days

Secondary Outcomes

Description: Persistent organ dysfunction-free days in intensive care unit

Measure: Number of participants with persistent organ dysfunction-free days in intensive care unit

Time: Up to day 28

Description: Mortality at 6 months

Measure: Number of participants deceased at 6 months

Time: 6 months

Description: Assessed by the questionnaire EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D-5L). The EQ-5D-5L essentially consists of 2 pages: the EQ-5D descriptive system and the EQ visual analogue scale (EQ VAS). The descriptive system comprises five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. Each dimension has 5 levels: no problems, slight problems, moderate problems, severe problems and extreme problems. The patient is asked to indicate his/her health state by ticking the box next to the most appropriate statement in each of the five dimensions. This decision results in a 1-digit number that expresses the level selected for that dimension. The digits for the five dimensions can be combined into a 5-digit number that describes the patient's health state. The EQ VAS records the patient's self-rated health on a vertical visual analogue scale, where the endpoints are labelled 'The best health you can imagine' and 'The worst health you can imagine'.

Measure: Score of health related quality of life in 6-month survivors

Time: 6 months

Description: Assessed by serum lactate concentration

Measure: Global tissue dysoxia

Time: Days 1, 3, 7

Description: Assessed by the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score. Used to track a person's status during the stay in an intensive care unit to determine the extent of a person's organ function or rate of failure. The score is based on 6 different sub-scores, one each for the respiratory (PaO2/FiO2 mmHg), cardiovascular (mean arterial pressure OR administration of vasopressors required), hepatic (liver bilirubin (mg/dl) [μmol/L]), coagulation (platelets×103/µl), renal (kidneys creatinine (mg/dl) [μmol/L] (or urine output)) and neurological (Glasgow coma scale). The sub-score of eah system ranges from 0 (best) to +4 (worst).

Measure: Organ function (including renal function)

Time: Days 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10, 14, 28

Description: Assessed by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1ß), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP)

Measure: Rate of inflammation

Time: Days 1, 3, 7

Description: Assessed by procalcitonin (PCT)

Measure: Rate of infection

Time: Days 1, 3, 7

Description: Assessed by thrombomodulin (TM) and angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2)

Measure: Rate of endothelial injury

Time: Days 1, 3, 7

Description: Assessed by KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) criteria

Measure: Occurrence of stage 3 acute kidney injury

Time: Up to day 28

Description: clinician judgment of hemolysis, as recorded in the chart, OR hemoglobin drop of at least 25 g/L within 24 hours of a dose of investigational product PLUS 2 of the following: reticulocyte count >2 times upper limit of normal at clinical site lab; haptoglobin < lower limit of normal at clinical site lab; indirect (unconjugated) bilirubin >2 times upper limit of normal at clinical site lab; Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) >2 times upper limit of normal at clinical site lab. Severe hemolysis: - hemoglobin < 75 g/L AND at least 2 of the above criteria AND requires 2 units of packed red blood cells

Measure: Acute hemolysis

Time: Up to day 28

Description: Core lab-validated glucose level of less than 3.8 mmol/L

Measure: Hypoglycemia

Time: During the time participants receive the 16 doses of the investigational product and the 7 days following the last dose

Description: Assessed by chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Measure: Vitamin C volume of distribution

Time: 6th dose of vitamin C (second dose on day 2) at time 0 (immediately prior to the dose) and then after administration at times 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours and 6 hours (Pharmacokynetic substudy)

Description: Assessed by chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Measure: Vitamin C clearance

Time: 6th dose of vitamin C (second dose on day 2) at time 0 (immediately prior to the dose) and then after administration at times 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours and 6 hours (Pharmacokynetic substudy)

Description: Assessed by chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Measure: Vitamin C plasma concentration

Time: 6th dose of vitamin C (second dose on day 2) at time 0 (immediately prior to the dose) and then after administration at times 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours and 6 hours (Pharmacokynetic substudy)

3 Use of Ascorbic Acid in Patients With COVID 19

Different studies showed that ascorbic acid (vitaminC) positively affects the development and maturation of T-lymphocytes, in particular NK (natural Killer) cells involved in the immune response to viral agents. It also contributes to the inhibition of ROS production and to the remodulation of the cytokine network typical of systemic inflammatory syndrome. Recent studies have also demonstrated the effectiveness of vitamin C administration in terms of reducing mortality, in patients with sepsis hospitalized in intensive care wards. Given this background, in the light of the current COVID-19 emergency, since the investigators cannot carry out a randomized controlled trial, it is their intention to conduct a study in the cohort of hospitalized patients with covid-19 pneumonia, administering 10 gr of vitamin C intravenously in addition to conventional therapy.

NCT04323514 Hospitalize Hospitalized Patients With Covid-19 Pneumonia Dietary Supplement: Vitamin C
MeSH:Pneumonia
HPO:Pneumonia

Primary Outcomes

Description: Change of hospital mortality

Measure: In-hospital mortality

Time: 72 hours

Secondary Outcomes

Description: Reduction of PCR levels > 50% in comparison with PCR levels at the admission, within 72 hours after the administration

Measure: PCR levels

Time: 72 hours

Description: Change of the lactate clearance

Measure: Lactate clearance

Time: 72 hours

Description: Change of hospital stay days

Measure: Hospital stay

Time: 72 hours

Description: Resolution of symptoms (Fever, Cough, Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing)

Measure: Symptoms

Time: 72 hours

Description: Change of duration of positive swab (nasopharynx and throat)

Measure: Positive swab

Time: 72 hours

Description: Resolution of tomography imaging (example, patches located in the subpleural regions of the lung)

Measure: Tomography imaging

Time: 72 hours

4 A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase IIa Study of Quintuple Therapy to Treat COVID-19 Infection

This is a Phase II interventional study will test the efficacy of quintuple therapy (Hydroxychloroquine, Azithromycin, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, and Zinc) in the treatment of patients with COVID-19 infection).

NCT04334512 COVID-19 Corona Virus Infection Coronavirus-19 Sars-CoV2 Drug: Hydroxychloroquine Drug: Azithromycin Dietary Supplement: Vitamin C Dietary Supplement: Vitamin D Dietary Supplement: Zinc
MeSH:Infection Communicable Diseases Coronavirus Infections Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

Primary Outcomes

Description: Number of days from COVID-19 diagnosis to recovery via RT-PCR

Measure: The rate of recovery of mild or moderate COVID-19 in patients using Quintuple Therapy

Time: 12 weeks

Description: Reduction and/or progression of symptomatic days, reduction of symptom severity

Measure: Reduction or Progression of Symptomatic Days

Time: 12 weeks

Description: Assess the symptom response to study therapy as measured by the survey in the EDC

Measure: Assess the safety of Quintuple Therapy

Time: 12 weeks

Description: Pulse from baseline to 12 weeks

Measure: Assess the safety of Quintuple Therapy via pulse

Time: 12 weeks

Description: Oxygen saturation from baseline to 12 weeks

Measure: Assess the safety of Quintuple Therapy via oxygen saturation

Time: 12 weeks

Description: EKG response from baseline to 12 weeks

Measure: Assess the safety of Quintuple Therapy via EKG

Time: 12 weeks

Description: Assess Adverse Events and Serious Adverse Events due to Quintuple Therapy

Measure: Assess Tolerability of Quintuple Therapy

Time: 12 weeks

5 Randomized Study to Evaluate the Safety and Antiviral Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine in Patients With Newly Diagnosed COVID-19 Compared to Standard of Care Treatment

This study will assess the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in reducing the severity of symptoms in patients with COVID-19

NCT04334967 COVID-19 Corona Virus Infection SARS-CoV-2 2019-nCoV 2019 Novel Coronavirus Drug: Hydroxychloroquine Dietary Supplement: Vitamin C
MeSH:Coronavirus Infections Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

Primary Outcomes

Description: This outcome will be assessed by comparing the percentages of enrolled patients that are hospitalized in the treatment and control arms.

Measure: Total Hospitalization

Time: 14 days

Description: This outcome will be assessed by comparing the percentages of enrolled patients that have received mechanical ventilation in the treatment and control arms.

Measure: Total Mechanical Ventilation

Time: 14 days

Secondary Outcomes

Description: Self-reported body temperature. Each report scored low (less than 100.4), medium (100.4-102.2), or high (higher than 102.2). Outcome will be assessed by calculating percentage of patients with reported high, medium, low temperature at specified time points.

Measure: Fever intensity measure

Time: 2 days

Description: Self-reported body temperature. Each report scored low (less than 100.4), medium (100.4-102.2), or high (higher than 102.2). Outcome will be assessed by calculating percentage of patients with reported high, medium, low temperature at specified time points.

Measure: Fever intensity measure

Time: 5 days

Description: Self-reported body temperature. Each report scored low (less than 100.4), medium (100.4-102.2), or high (higher than 102.2). Outcome will be assessed by calculating percentage of patients with reported high, medium, low temperature at specified time points.

Measure: Fever intensity measure

Time: 10 days

Description: Self-reported body temperature. Each report scored low (less than 100.4), medium (100.4-102.2), or high (higher than 102.2). Outcome will be assessed by calculating percentage of patients with reported high, medium, low temperature at specified time points.

Measure: Fever intensity measure

Time: 14 days

Description: Self-reported worsening shortness of breath. Each report scored yes/no. Outcome will be assessed by calculating percentage of patients with reported worsening of shortness of breath at specified time points.

Measure: Shortness of breath measure

Time: 2 days

Description: Self-reported worsening shortness of breath. Each report scored yes/no. Outcome will be assessed by calculating percentage of patients with reported worsening of shortness of breath at specified time points.

Measure: Shortness of breath measure

Time: 5 days

Description: Self-reported worsening shortness of breath. Each report scored yes/no. Outcome will be assessed by calculating percentage of patients with reported worsening of shortness of breath at specified time points.

Measure: Shortness of breath measure

Time: 10 days

Description: Self-reported worsening shortness of breath. Each report scored yes/no. Outcome will be assessed by calculating percentage of patients with reported worsening of shortness of breath at specified time points.

Measure: Shortness of breath measure

Time: 14 days

Description: Self reported changes in daytime cough. Each report scored 0 (no cough), 1 (one short coughing attack), 2 (two or more short coughing attacks), 3 (frequent coughing that did not interfere with activities), 4 (frequent coughing that did interfere with activities, 5 (distressing cough throughout most of the day). Outcome will be measured by calculating change in reported cough at each time point.

Measure: Changes in daytime cough measure

Time: 2 days

Description: Self reported changes in daytime cough. Each report scored 0 (no cough), 1 (one short coughing attack), 2 (two or more short coughing attacks), 3 (frequent coughing that did not interfere with activities), 4 (frequent coughing that did interfere with activities, 5 (distressing cough throughout most of the day). Outcome will be measured by calculating change in reported cough at each time point.

Measure: Changes in daytime cough measure

Time: 5 days

Description: Self reported changes in daytime cough. Each report scored 0 (no cough), 1 (one short coughing attack), 2 (two or more short coughing attacks), 3 (frequent coughing that did not interfere with activities), 4 (frequent coughing that did interfere with activities, 5 (distressing cough throughout most of the day). Outcome will be measured by calculating change in reported cough at each time point.

Measure: Changes in daytime cough measure

Time: 10 days

Description: Self reported changes in daytime cough. Each report scored 0 (no cough), 1 (one short coughing attack), 2 (two or more short coughing attacks), 3 (frequent coughing that did not interfere with activities), 4 (frequent coughing that did interfere with activities, 5 (distressing cough throughout most of the day). Outcome will be measured by calculating change in reported cough at each time point.

Measure: Changes in daytime cough measure

Time: 14 days

Description: Self reported changes in nighttime cough. Each report scored 0 (no cough), 1 (cough on waking only), 2 (wake once or early due to cough), 3 (frequent waking due to cough), 4 (frequent coughing throughout the night, 5 (distressing cough preventing any sleep). Outcome will be measured by calculating change in reported cough at each time point.

Measure: Changes in nighttime cough measure

Time: 2 days

Description: Self reported changes in nighttime cough. Each report scored 0 (no cough), 1 (cough on waking only), 2 (wake once or early due to cough), 3 (frequent waking due to cough), 4 (frequent coughing throughout the night, 5 (distressing cough preventing any sleep). Outcome will be measured by calculating change in reported cough at each time point.

Measure: Changes in nighttime cough measure

Time: 5 days

Description: Self reported changes in nighttime cough. Each report scored 0 (no cough), 1 (cough on waking only), 2 (wake once or early due to cough), 3 (frequent waking due to cough), 4 (frequent coughing throughout the night, 5 (distressing cough preventing any sleep). Outcome will be measured by calculating change in reported cough at each time point.

Measure: Changes in nighttime cough measure

Time: 10 days

Description: Self reported changes in nighttime cough. Each report scored 0 (no cough), 1 (cough on waking only), 2 (wake once or early due to cough), 3 (frequent waking due to cough), 4 (frequent coughing throughout the night, 5 (distressing cough preventing any sleep). Outcome will be measured by calculating change in reported cough at each time point.

Measure: Changes in nighttime cough measure

Time: 14 days

Description: Number of enrolled patients who have died within the specified time frame

Measure: Total mortality

Time: 28 days

6 A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase IIa Study of Hydroxychloroquine, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, and Zinc for the Prevention of COVID-19 Infection

This is a Phase II interventional study testing whether treatment with hydroxychloroquine, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, and Zinc can prevent symptoms of COVID-19

NCT04335084 COVID-19 Coronavirus Infection Sars-CoV2 Corona Virus Infection COVID Coronavirus Coronavirus-19 Coronavirus 19 Drug: Hydroxychloroquine Dietary Supplement: Vitamin C Dietary Supplement: Vitamin D Dietary Supplement: Zinc
MeSH:Infection Communicable Diseases Coronavirus Infections Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

Primary Outcomes

Description: Any symptoms of COVID-19 will be recorded in a daily diary. Symptoms (including fever measured in degrees Fahrenheit, dry cough, productive cough, difficulty speaking, wheezing, dry mouth, headache, chest tightness, difficulty with exertion, shortness of breath, sore throat, malaise, and diarrhea) will be rated as not present, mild, moderate, or severe.

Measure: Prevention of COVID-19 symptoms as recorded in a daily diary

Time: 24 weeks

Description: To assess the presence or absence of side effects (graded 1-5), and whether they are tolerable (grade 1-2). AE and SAE will be recorded.

Measure: Safety as determined by presence or absence of Adverse Events and Serious Adverse Events

Time: 24 weeks

7 Prophylactic Hydroxychloroquine vs Vitamin C in Healthcare Workers at Risk of COVID-19: A RCT

Healthcare workers (HCW) at risk of Covid-19 will have baseline serology for SARS-CoV-2 to see if they are already immune to Covid-19. HCW will get baseline assessment and if meeting inclusion criteria and no exclusion criteria they will be randomized in a 2:1 ratio to hydroxychloroquine or Vitamin C on a weekly basis for three months. Subjects will complete daily diary of symptoms and temperature, and will have repeat SARS-CoV-2 serology at 6 weeks and 3 months to determine seroconversion.

NCT04347889 Covid-19 Drug: Hydroxychloroquine Other: Vitamin C

Primary Outcomes

Description: Percentage of healthcare worker who develop antibodies to SARS-CoV-2

Measure: COVID-19 Seroconversion rate

Time: 3 months

Secondary Outcomes

Description: Percentage of study subjects who require admission to a hospital for Covid-19

Measure: Admission for Covid-19

Time: 3 months

8 Therapies to Prevent Progression of COVID-19, Including Hydroxychloroquine, Azithromycin, Zinc, Vitamin D, Vitamin B12 With or Without Vitamin C, a Multi-centre, International, Randomized Trial: The International ALLIANCE Study

COVID-19 is a global pandemic. So far encouraging results have been shown in different parts of the world with the utilisation of hydroxycloroquine, zinc, and azithromycin, and early studies into some of these, plus some with Vitamin C, have also proven beneficial. Vitamin D levels have also been shown to be an important indicator to the severity of symptoms in COVID-19 patients.

NCT04395768 COVID19 Dietary Supplement: Vitamin C Drug: Hydroxychloroquine Drug: Azithromycin Dietary Supplement: Zinc Citrate Dietary Supplement: Vitamin D3 Dietary Supplement: Vitamin B12
MeSH:Disease Progression

Primary Outcomes

Description: Composite measure: Change in severity and duration of symptoms

Measure: Symptoms

Time: once daily for 15 days since enrollment/baseline at admission to hospital

Description: total number of days in hospital since admission

Measure: Length of hospital stay

Time: at 15 and 45 days since admission/ enrolment

Description: need for invasive mechanical ventilation or mortality within 15 days from enrolment

Measure: invasive mechanical ventilation or mortality

Time: any time within 15 days from enrolment

Secondary Outcomes

Description: Death

Measure: Mortality

Time: 15 and 45 days since enrolment

Description: need for and number of days of invasive mechanical ventilation, in case of no need for mechanical ventilation: days=0

Measure: mechanical ventilation

Time: at 15 and 45 days since enrolment

Description: need for and number of days for humidified high-flow oxygen

Measure: oxygen

Time: 15 and 45 days since enrolment

Description: admission to ICU (intensive care unit)

Measure: ICU

Time: 15 and 45 days since enrolment

Description: days in hospital

Measure: days in hospital

Time: 15 and 45 days since enrolment

Description: days in ICU

Measure: days in ICU

Time: 15 and 45 days since enrolment

Description: need for and days of renal replacement therapy

Measure: renal replacement therapy

Time: 15 and 45 days since enrolment

Description: need for and days of Extracorporeal support

Measure: Extracorporeal support

Time: 15 and 45 days since enrolment

9 Lessening Organ Dysfunction With VITamin C - COVID

LOVIT-COVID is a multicentre concealed-allocation parallel-group blinded randomized controlled trial to ascertain the effect of high-dose intravenous vitamin C compared to placebo on mortality or persistent organ dysfunction at 28 days in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

NCT04401150 Vitamin C COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients Drug: Vitamin C Drug: Control

Primary Outcomes

Description: Number of deceased participants or with persistant organ dysfunction (dependency on mechanical ventilation, new renal replacement therapy, or vasopressors).

Measure: Death or persistent organ dysfunction

Time: Both assessed at 28 days

Secondary Outcomes

Description: Number of whole and part study days for which the patient is alive and not admitted to an intensive care unit

Measure: Number of intensive care unit-free days

Time: Assessed at 21 days

Description: Number of study days in ICU without persistant organ dysfunction

Measure: Persistent organ dysfunction-free days in ICU

Time: Assessed at 28 days

Description: Mortality at 6 months

Measure: Number of patients deceased at 6 months

Time: 6 months

Description: Assessed by the EQ-5D-5L EuroQol questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L). The EQ-5D-5L essentially consists of 2 pages: the EQ-5D descriptive system and the EQ-5D visual analog scale (EQ VAS). The descriptive system comprises 5 dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. Each dimension has 5 levels: no problems, slight problems, moderate problems, severe problems, and extreme problems. The patient is asked to indicate her/his health state by ticking the box next to the most appropriate statement in each of the 5 dimension. This decision results in a 1-digit number that expresses the level selected for that dimension. The digits for the 5 dimensions can be combined into a 5-digit number that describes the patient's health state. The EQ-VAS records the patient's self-rated health on a vertical visual analog scale, where the endpoints are labelled 'The best health you can imagine' and 'The worst health you can imagine'.

Measure: Health related quality of life in 6-month survivors

Time: 6 months

Description: Assessed by the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score. Used to track a person's status during the stay in an intensive care unit to determine the extent of a person's organ function or rate of failure. The score is based on six different sub-scores, one each for the respiratory (PaO2/fraction of inspired oxygen FiO2) mmHg), cardiovascular (mean arterial pressure OR administration of vasopressors required), hepatic (liver bilirubin mg/dl [µmol/L]), coagulation (platelets x 103/µl), renal (kidneys creatinine (mg/dl) [µmol/L] (or urine output)), and neurological (Glasgow coma scale). The sub-score of each system ranges from 0 (best) to +4 (worst).

Measure: Organ function

Time: Days 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10, 14, 28

Description: Assessed by serum lactate concentration

Measure: Global tissue dysoxia

Time: Days 1, 3, 7

Description: Assessed by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1ß), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP).

Measure: Rate of inflammation

Time: Days 1, 3, 7

Description: Assessed by procalcitonin (PCT).

Measure: Rate of infection

Time: Days 1, 3, 7

Description: Assessed by thrombomodulin (TM) and angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2).

Measure: Rate of endothelial injury

Time: Days 1, 3, 7

Description: Assessed by Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria

Measure: Occurrence of stage 3 acute kidney injury

Time: Up to day 28

Description: clinician judgment of hemolysis, as recorded in the chart, OR hemoglobin drop of at least 25 g/L within 24 hours of a dose of investigational product plus 2 of the following: reticulocyte count >2 times upper limit of normal at clinical site lab; haptoglobin 2 times upper limit of normal at clinical site lab; lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) >2 times upper limit of normal at clinical site lab. Severe hemolysis: o hemoglobin <75 g/L AND at least 2 of the above criteria AND requires 2 units of packed red blood cells.

Measure: Acute hemolysis

Time: Up to day 28

Description: Core lab-validated glucose level <3.8 mmol/L

Measure: Hypoglycemia

Time: During the time participants receive the 16 doses of the investigational product and the 7 days following the last dose.

10 A Randomized Open-label Prophylaxis Trial Among Migrant Workers at High-risk of Covid-19 (DORM Trial)

In December 2019, a novel coronavirus, now called COVID-19, emerged as a global health threat from Wuhan, China. Within weeks, the contagious virus spread within and between communities, causing a lower respiratory tract infection dominated by symptoms of fever, cough and sore throat. The incubation period was estimated at between 5 to 7 days, but could last as long as 14 days. Although COVID-19 causes a mostly mild and self-limiting disease, respiratory involvement has been reported in about 5% of the population, requiring supplemental oxygen and even ventilatory support to relieve hypoxia. Alveolar damage, fibrosis and consolidation have been reported in radiologic and post-mortem studies. Existing data suggest a mortality rate of COVID-19 is approximately 1-2%, higher among individuals with pre-existing comorbidities and in healthcare systems with suboptimal access to ventilatory support. Given its high transmissibility, COVID-19 has quickly spread across the globe within a short interval. By 27 April 2020, over 3 million people around the world have been diagnosed with COVID-19, and more 200,000 have succumbed to the disease. As a proportion of patients manifest mild or no symptoms, these numbers are likely an underestimate of the actual number of patients with COVID-19. More disconcertingly, patients are known to shed viruses despite mild or no symptoms, making it essential that a collective approach against COVID-19 incorporate active pharmacological treatment to prevent or mitigate virus pathogenesis prior to its potential evolution to cause respiratory distress. To date, clinical trials have focused on the treatment of hospitalised patients diagnosed with COVID-19; only few have examined the clinical benefits of pharmacological agents despite few compelling in vitro data. The relatively high transmission of COVID-19 in a closed dormitory environment of migrant workers in Singapore presents a real-life scenario where a prophylaxis treatment could reduce the impact of the disease. In Singapore, there are well grounded concerns an excess in cases could pose the possibility of strain in healthcare system and mentally drain her workers. The availability of an effective prophylaxis treatment is highly desirable to potentially reduce this burden. Data from the current study could also have implications on how future outbreaks in high-density areas should be managed, especially when residents are subjected to quarantine and isolation.

NCT04446104 Covid-19 Drug: Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate Tablets Drug: Ivermectin 3Mg Tab Drug: Zinc Drug: Povidone-Iodine Dietary Supplement: Vitamin C

Primary Outcomes

Description: Acute respiratory illness is defined by acute onset with any key respiratory symptoms including cough, shortness of breath, sore throat, runny nose and change in smell.

Measure: Incidence of acute respiratory illness in treatment arms (hydroxycholorquine, ivermectin, zinc and povidone iodine)

Time: At the end of study dosing, which is day 42

Secondary Outcomes

Measure: Incidence of febrile respiratory illness in treatment arms (hydroxycholorquine, ivermectin, zinc and povidone iodine)

Time: At the end of study dosing, which is day 42

Measure: Rate of hospitalization for COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 related indications in treatment arms (hydroxycholorquine, ivermectin, zinc and povidone iodine)

Time: At the end of study dosing, which is day 42

Measure: Rate of oxygen supplementation and mechanical ventilation in treatment arms (hydroxycholorquine, ivermectin, zinc and povidone iodine)

Time: At the end of study dosing, which is day 42

Measure: Duration of oxygen supplementation and mechanical ventilation in treatment arms (hydroxycholorquine, ivermectin, zinc and povidone iodine)

Time: At the end of study dosing, which is day 42

Measure: Length of hospital stay in treatment arms (hydroxycholorquine, ivermectin, zinc and povidone iodine)

Time: At the end of study dosing, which is day 42

Measure: Rate of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in treatment arms (hydroxycholorquine, ivermectin, zinc and povidone iodine)

Time: At the end of study dosing, which is day 42

Measure: Incidence of adverse events and serious adverse events in control arm (Vitamin C)

Time: At the end of study dosing, which is day 42

Measure: Incidence of drug discontinuation due to adverse events in control arm (Vitamin C)

Time: At the end of study dosing, which is day 42

11 The Study of Quadruple Therapy Zinc, Quercetin, Bromelain and Vitamin C on the Clinical Outcomes of Patients Infected With COVID-19

There are currently no antiviral drugs with proven efficacy nor are there vaccines for its prevention. Unfortunately, the scientific community has little knowledge of the molecular details of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The drugs we are chosen are used as clinical trials for antiviral and there is no proven guide for specificity and effectiveness against the virus so the results are different Now the clinical trials and research authorities are work speedily to target the most proven treatment for the virus so anything is infantile until now. the covid-19 with time be more explained by scientists it is steroid response disease and cause thromosis and cytokine storm , the aim of the study to inhibit viral replication and decrease the severity of the disease as antiviral and anticytokine storm , antithrombosis Zinc is a mineral element needed to regulate adaptive immune cells' functions. Higher level of intracellular zinc showed to increase intracellular pH; which affect on RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and decrease replication mechanism of RNA viruses. Therefore, drugs that described as zinc ionophores could be used with zinc supplement to act as antiviral against many RNA viruses including SARS-CoV-2 Quercetin is natural compound act as zinc ionophore to cause zinc influx intracellular. Quercetin is a safe natural anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory polyphenolic compound that found in various natural sources include onion, red grapes, honey and citrus fruits. It was shown that quercetin has the ability to chelate zinc ions and act as zinc ionophore. Therefore, quercetin could have antiviral activity against many RNA viruses . Quercetin, a flavonoid found in fruits and vegetables, has unique biological properties that may improve mental/physical performance and reduce infection risk ; These properties form the basis for potential benefits to overall health and disease resistance, including anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, and psychostimulant activities, as well as the ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation, platelet aggregation and capillary permeability, and to stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis .There are various studies that report the immunomodulatory effect of bromelain . Bromelain activates natural killer cells and augments the production of granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor, IL-2, IL-6 and decreases the activation of Thelper cells. Thus, bromelain decreases the majority of inflammatory mediators and has demonstrated a significant role as an anti-inflammatory agent in various conditions Vitamin C is known as an essential anti-oxidant.,and enzymatic co-factor for physiological reactions such as hormone production, collagen synthesis and immune potentiation . Naturally, an insufficiency of vitamin C leads to severe injuries to multiple organs, especially to the heart and brain, since they are both highly aerobic organs that produce more oxygen radicals. In fact, studies of in vivo effect on vitamin C are difficult since most animals, except human and some primate, are capable of synthesizing vitamin C endogenously

NCT04468139 Covid-19 Drug: Quercetin Dietary Supplement: bromelain Drug: Zinc Drug: Vitamin C

Primary Outcomes

Description: speed the days of recovery and discharge from hospital

Measure: days of stay at hospital after treatment and discharge

Time: 28 days

Description: the level of serum zinc is very important especially at chronic diseases

Measure: serum zinc before and after treatment

Time: 5-10 days

Secondary Outcomes

Description: according to questionnaire including BMI, smoking , underlying diseases like hypertension, diabetes , asthmatic , ..etc

Measure: questionnaire including parameters like BMI,,smoking , underling diseases, immunological treatment ,

Time: 28 days

Description: day of negative conversion for nasopharyngeal swab for rt-PCR FOR covid-19

Measure: day of negative conversion for nasopharyngeal swab for rt-PCR FOR covid-19

Time: 28 days


Related HPO nodes (Using clinical trials)